The Admiralty thought so little of steam engines at first that it did
not trouble to record the names of its early steamers in the navy list.
Owing to the representations of Marc Isambard Brunel, the Admiralty
consented to try steam, and experimented with two small paddle-boats,
the _Monkey_, built at Rotherhithe in 1821, and the _Comet_, built at
Deptford in 1822, which were acquired to be used as tugs or despatch
boats. The former was a vessel of 210 tons, and had engines of 80
nominal h.p.[29] by Messrs. Boulton and Watt. The two cylinders were
each about 35½ inches diameter, with a stroke of 3 feet 6 inches,
and, working at 26½ revolutions per minute, gave a mean piston speed
of 185 feet per minute. It will be interesting and instructive to
contrast these figures with those of the latest engines in warships,
which will be found in another chapter. The _Active_ and _Lightning_
followed in 1822 and 1823 respectively, their names appearing together
with a few others for the first time in the official navy list for
March, 1828.[30] None of these steamers, however, could be classed as
war vessels. From this year to 1840 seventy other steam vessels were
added to the navy. All the early steamers were built in private yards,
and the contractors had even to provide the engine-room staffs, which
were taken over together with the steamers. By 1832, the Admiralty
bestirred itself and built its first steamer, the _Salamander_, but
until 1840 none was over 1,000 tons, and all were of wood, propelled
by paddle engines, and such guns as some of them carried were small
and ineffective. With the increase of the size of the vessels came
a more than corresponding increase in the power of the engines. The
_Rhadamanthus_, for instance, built in 1832, had engines capable of
being worked up to 400 indicated h.p., though they were of 200 h.p.
nominal. The safety valves carried a load of 4 lb. to the square inch,
and the total weight of the machinery was 275 tons. In 1839, five
wooden steamers were built for the Admiralty, and two of them, the
_Hecla_ and _Hecate_, of 817 tons, and 250 h.p. each, were sent to
Scott’s, at Greenock, to be engined, and were the first naval vessels
to have their machinery fitted on board in Scotland.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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