For the state of opinion in England, the contemporary Annual Register, and the writings and speeches of men of the time like Burke, Fox, Horace Walpole, and Dr. Samuel Johnson. The King's attitude is found in Donne, Correspondence of George III with Lord North, 1768-83, 2 vols. (1867). Stirling, Coke of Norfolk and his Friends, 2 vols. (1908), gives the outlook of a Whig magnate; Fitzmaurice, Life of William, Earl of Shelburne, 2 vols. (1912), the Whig policy. Curwen's Journals and Letters, 1775-84 (1842), show us a Loyalist exile in England. Hazelton's The Declaration of Independence, its History (1906), is an elaborate study. CHAPTERS IV, V, AND VI. The three campaigns--New York, Philadelphia, and the Hudson--are covered by C. F. Adams, Studies Military and Diplomatic (1911), which makes severe strictures on Washington's strategy; H. P. Johnston's "Campaign of 1776 around New York and Brooklyn," in the Long Island Historical Society's Memoirs, and Battle of Harlem Heights (1897); Carrington, Battles of the American Revolution (1904); Stryker, The Battles of Trenton and Princeton (1898); Lucas, History of Canada (1909). Fonblanque's John Burgoyne (1876) is a defense of that leader; while Riedesel's Letters and Journals Relating to the War of the American Revolution (trans. W. L. Stone, 1867) and Anburey's Travels through the Interior Parts of America (1789) are accounts by eye-witnesses. Mereness' (editor) Travels in the American Colonies, 1690-1783 (1916) gives the impressions of Lord Adam Gordon and others. CHAPTERS VII AND VIII. On Washington at Valley Forge, Oliver, Life of Alexander Hamilton (1906); Charlemagne Tower, The Marquis de La Fayette in the American Revolution, 2 vols. (1895); Greene, Life of Nathanael Greene (1893); Brooks, Henry Knox (1900); Graham, Life of General Daniel Morgan (1856); Kapp, Life of Steuben (1859); Arnold, Life of Benedict Arnold (1880). On the army Bolton and Hatch as cited; Mahan gives a lucid account of naval effort. Barrow, Richard, Earl Howe (1838) is a dull account of a remarkable man. On the French alliance, Perkins, France in the American Revolution (1911), Corwin, French Policy and the American Alliance of 1778 (1916), and Van Tyne on "Influences which Determined the French Government to Make the Treaty with America, 1778," in The American Historical Review, April, 1916. CHAPTER IX.