United States -- History -- Revolution, 1775-1783 -- Campaigns; Washington, George, 1732-1799
The following order was at the same time communicated to the men: “If
any soldier presume to take his musket from his shoulder; attempt to
fire; or begin the battle till ordered by his proper officer, he shall
be instantly put to death by the officer next him.” (This implied, of
course, death by the sword.) The advance was to be “with fixed bayonets,
and unloaded muskets.” Each officer and soldier had been ordered to
place a white paper or cloth upon his cap, to distinguish him from an
enemy; and the watchword, to be shouted aloud whenever one detachment
reached its point of attack, as an encouragement to the others and a
terror to the garrison, was, “_The fort is ours!_” Pioneer parties,
carefully selected, wrenched away the abatis. The detachments moved
instantly, as if impelled by some invisible, resistless force. The two
assaulting columns met in the centre of the works almost at the same
moment. Wayne fell, seriously but not mortally wounded, while passing
the abatis. The entire American loss was fifteen killed, and
eighty-three wounded. The British loss was one officer and nineteen men
killed; six officers and sixty-eight men wounded; twenty-five officers
and four hundred and forty-seven men taken prisoners; two officers and
fifty-six men missing. The night was dark, and the difficulties of
crossing the morass below the fort, at nearly full tide, and clambering
up rugged cliffs thick with briars and underbrush, cannot be described.
A modern visitor will find it difficult enough to make the same trip, by
daylight. The stores, valued at $158,640, were divided by Washington’s
order among the troops, in proportion to the pay of officers and men.
The courteous treatment extended by him to the prisoners received very
gracious recognition from the British authorities. The faithfulness,
skill, and daring, and the good judgment with which Wayne comprehended
and carried out, in almost literal detail, the plans of Washington, were
greatly to his honor, and evoked most appreciative commendation from his
superior officer.
General Clinton promptly organized a force, and proceeded up the river
to recapture the post; but Washington, having dismantled it, decided
that its further retention was not of sufficient value to spare a
garrison for its permanent defence, and left it for occupation by the
British at their leisure.
Another excursion from New York by Tarleton, into Westchester County,
about the middle of August, was reciprocated under Washington’s orders,
with decided _éclat_ and success. On the nineteenth of August, Col.
Henry Lee crossed the Hackensack; moved down the Hudson River, and at
half-past two o’clock in the morning, at low tide, captured Paulus Hook,
where Jersey City now stands, nearly opposite Clinton’s New York
headquarters. Not a shot was fired by the storming party. Only the
bayonet was used. The Americans lost twenty, and the British lost
fifteen, besides one hundred and fifty taken prisoners.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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