United States -- History -- Revolution, 1775-1783 -- Campaigns; Washington, George, 1732-1799
“A ‘brigadier of the day’ is to remain constantly on the lines, that
he may be upon the spot, and see that orders are executed.”
“Skulkers must be shot down upon the spot.”
“The distinction between a well-regulated army and a mob, is the good
order and discipline of the former, and the licentiousness and
disorderly behavior of the latter.”
“The men not on duty are to be compelled to remain at, or near, their
respective camps or quarters, that they may turn out at a moment’s
warning; nothing being more probable than that the enemy will allow
little time enough for the attack.”
“Your best men should at all hazards prevent the enemy passing the
woods and approaching your works.”
These orders were preëminently adapted to the character of the American
troops. Their neglect disconcerted the entire plan of the
Commander-in-Chief for an efficient defence of the works.
The American force on the Heights, including Stirling’s Brigade, which
crossed over the river to Brooklyn on the day of the battle, was not
quite eight thousand men; but included Atlee’s Pennsylvania Rifles,
Smallwood’s Maryland and Haslet’s Delaware regiments, which then, and
ever after, were among Washington’s “Invincibles.” But notwithstanding
Greene’s designation of suitable outposts, and Washington’s orders, the
disposition of the American advance outposts was of the feeblest kind.
At the time of the first landing on the twenty-second, when Colonel Hand
fell back to Prospect Hill (see map), it does not appear from any
official paper, or record, that he gave notice of the landing of the
second British division, or established scouts to ascertain and report
subsequent British movements. Their landing, division after division,
had been as impressive as it was successful, and deserves notice. Four
hundred transports were escorted by ten line-of-battle ships and twenty
frigates. Seventy-five flat-boats, besides batteaux and galleys, moving
in ten distinct, well-ordered divisions, simultaneously touched the
beach near the present site of Fort Hamilton, and landed four thousand
men in just two hours, according to the Admiral’s “log-book,” after the
signal reached the topmast of the “flag-ship.” Five thousand additional
troops were landed with equal celerity and order, a little lower down
the bay. Before twelve o’clock, fifteen thousand men, with artillery,
baggage, and stores, were landed without hindrance or mishap. On the
twenty-fifth, De Heister’s Hessian command landed with equal skill at
Gravesend.
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