Wasps, Social and SolitaryPeckham, George W. (George Williams)
Science
Wasps, Social and Solitary
Peckham, George W. (George Williams)
Wasps
A wasp now came circling along with an ant in her grasp, and settled
down between two small weeds that grew about four inches apart. She
stood quiet a moment and then began to dig, but had evidently struck
the wrong spot, for after a moment she moved and tried another place.
Not finding the entrance, she rose and flew close under one of the
plants and began to scratch again, but still in vain. For ten minutes
she persisted, keeping within a few inches of the spot, and holding on
to the ant all the time, although it was dreadfully in her way as she
walked about. Then she dropped it and began to dig more vigorously,
dividing her attention between the two spots she had attempted at
first. She seemed troubled at having to leave the ant, and often picked
it up and tried to hold it while she worked. Once in a while she would
take it with her, and after circling about the spot would disappear,
but in a few minutes she would return. It seemed to us that two little
plants growing near together must have been her landmarks, and that
probably she had been deceived by the likeness that those before us
bore to the ones near her nest. Again and again she seemed to hesitate
and think the matter over, but gradually one of the holes absorbed her
more and more. At the end of an hour she was out of sight in it, and
had carried her ant down, although she was still kicking out sand. It
was evident that her memory had played her false, and that she had
either covered her hole so neatly that she could not find the spot
herself, or had missed the place entirely. She had accommodated herself
to circumstances pretty well, although she ought to have realized
earlier that it would be easier to dig one nest than two.
We now tried to excavate a nest, but could not follow the tunnel,
although we found clumps of ants at different levels, some with larvæ
feeding on them. The deepest were eighteen inches down. Hoping to
secure a guide, we borrowed an ant as it was dropped in the doorway
and tied a thread to it. The wasp pulled it in and took it part way
down with this attachment; but before any great depth was reached, the
thread was seemingly bitten off, as we found the free end without the
ant. A second attempt brought no better results.
So long as we were quiet the wasps did not notice us, but after
being disturbed they became shy and circled about a good deal before
entering. Some of the ants were completely paralyzed, while others
moved their abdomens, legs, and mouth parts. All through the morning,
the whole place was in a bustle, but when we came back, after eating
our luncheon in a shady spot, quiet reigned; the colony seemed asleep,
and although we waited for an hour not a wasp showed herself.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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