Water Supply: the Present Practice of Sinking and Boring Wells: With Geological Considerations and Examples of Wells ExecutedSpon, Ernest
Science
Water Supply: the Present Practice of Sinking and Boring Wells: With Geological Considerations and Examples of Wells Executed
Spon, Ernest
Boring; Water-supply; Wells
READING BEDS, 45-1/2 feet;--
Black Clay 2
Brown Clay 20
Light Brown Sand 0-1/2
Variegated Sand 18
Brown Clay 4
Flints and Pebbles 1
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To Chalk 116-1/2
CHALK 183-1/2
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Total 300
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The water rises to within 140 feet of the surface of the ground. The
yield is 10,000 gallons a minute; only 25 gallons a minute from the
bore; the rest from the headings driven north and south respectively at
a depth of 154 feet.
_Braintree._--The well sunk for the Local Board is in a field near Pod's
Brook. The shaft is 8 feet in diameter, steined with 9-inch steining,
and carried down 55 feet, the remainder of the well being bored.
Strata;--
DRIFT, 14 feet;-- Feet.
Sandy Gravel 5
Drift Clay 9
LONDON CLAY, 136 feet;--
Clay, with sand, shells, and septaria,
the bottom part more sandy 126
Dark Sand, with a few shells, yielding
much water 10
READING BEDS, 45 feet;--
Mottled Plastic Clays, getting more sandy
lower down, and with specks of chalk 44
Coarse Black Sandy Clay 1
THANET SAND (?), 33 feet;--
Light-coloured Sands, firm and hard, getting
darker and more friable lower down 20
Light-coloured Sands, firm, changing to
coarse and dark 13
To Chalk 228
CHALK, with much water, rising to about
12 feet from the surface 17
----
Total 245
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The level of the ground is 140 feet above the sea-level; water stands 29
feet deep; yield about 11,500 gallons an hour.
_Brighton._--This town has always been supplied from wells sunk in the
chalk. One well is sunk near the Lewes Road, and has a total length of
2400 feet of headings driven in a direction parallel with the sea, and
at about the coast-level of low water. These headings intercept many
fissures and materially add to the yield.
A second well was sunk in 1865, at Goldstone Bottom, and headings driven
to the extent of about a quarter of a mile across the valley parallel to
the sea.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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