Water Supply: the Present Practice of Sinking and Boring Wells: With Geological Considerations and Examples of Wells ExecutedSpon, Ernest
Science
Water Supply: the Present Practice of Sinking and Boring Wells: With Geological Considerations and Examples of Wells Executed
Spon, Ernest
Boring; Water-supply; Wells
_Cheshunt, New River Company._--Situate at the engine-house between the
two reservoirs. The well is 171 feet deep, and is steined partly with
brickwork and partly with iron cylinders. For 12 feet in depth the well
is 11 feet 6 inches in diameter, and steined with 14-inch brickwork; for
a farther depth of 44 feet it is 9 feet diameter, and steined with
9-inch brickwork; of the 44 feet, 41 feet are lined with cast-iron
cylinders, 8 feet diameter, which are also carried to a depth of 105
feet from the surface. There are fifteen cylinders of this size in use,
and they are succeeded by others 6 feet 10 inches diameter, of which
there are six in use; these are again succeeded by two cylinders 6 feet
diameter. The whole of the cylinders are 6 feet in depth. The bottom of
the last cylinder is 118 feet from the surface, at which point they rest
upon a foundation of 9-inch brick steining 7 feet in depth. At the
bottom of the 6-feet cylinders the well widens out in the form of a cone
12 feet 6 inches diameter at the floor, which is 26 feet below the
bottom of the 6-feet cylinder. In the centre of the well a bore-hole, 3
inches diameter and 27 feet deep, was made, and the well is provided on
the floor-level with headings.
SECTION OF STRATA. Feet. In.
SURFACE EARTH 1 6
GRAVEL 8 0
LONDON CLAY, 47 feet;--
Blue Clay 45 0
Yellow Clay 2 0
READING BEDS, 51 feet;--
White Sand 12 0
Dark Sand 39 0
--------
To Chalk 107 6
CHALK 63 6
--------
Total 171 0
--------
_Dorking_, Surrey, obtains its water supply from a well sunk into the
outcrop of the lower greensand, at the south side of the town. The shaft
is 11 feet in diameter and 160 feet deep, steined with 9-inch work laid
dry. The yield is not more than 30 gallons a minute, owing to the
unfortunate position of the well, but might be considerably increased if
suitable means were adopted.
_Harrow Waterworks._--The well is situate 430 yards to the west of the
church. The surface of the ground is 226 feet above the Ordnance datum.
There is a shaft for 193-1/2 feet; the rest is a bore. In a bed of dark
red sand 144 feet down, the water was very foul. Strata;--
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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