Standard Oil Company; Trusts, Industrial -- United States
Matthews, on his side, took to the courts. He sued his persecutors as
individuals and corporations. He pursued them civilly and criminally.
He was successful in defending himself against their suits. All his
suits were successful as far as he was able to carry them. One suit
for damages produced a $20,000 verdict; another was for $250,000,
on the still stronger evidence procured in the criminal trial. It
took Matthews two years--from 1883 to 1885--to get his first case
for damages for conspiracy to trial. All that time was consumed by
his opponents in quibbles about procedure, technical objections, and
motions for delay, appealing them from court to court. The judge, in
taking from the jury afterwards the three trustees who had been brought
to trial for conspiracy, declared that he could see no reason to
believe that these suits had been brought without probable cause. But
the jury before which the suit for damages was tried saw plenty of such
reasons, and gave Matthews' company a verdict of $20,000 damages. The
views of the judge and jury might have varied in the same way on the
question of the guilt of the three members of the trust.
Matthews woke up one morning to discover, as he had been told he would,
that there was no Atlas Company to get his oil from. Corporations may
have no souls, but they can love each other. The Erie Railroad killed
the pipe line of the Atlas Company for the oil combination.[505] The
courts had been kept busy granting injunctions against it on the
motion of the Erie. These were invariably dissolved by the courts,
but an application for a new one would always follow. At one time the
lawyers had fifteen injunctions all ready in their hands to be sued
out, one after the other, as fast as needed. The pipe line was finally
destroyed by force. Where it crossed under the Erie road in the bed
of a stream grappling-irons were fastened to it, and with an immense
hawser a locomotive guarded by two freight cars full of men pulled it
to pieces. The Atlas line and refinery became the "property" of their
enemy. Matthews' supply of crude oil was not cut off immediately. He
was tapered off. One of the superintendents of the Atlas testified in
the suit for damages Matthews brought against the Atlas after it passed
into the hands of the combination, that by the order of the manager
of the refinery he mixed refuse oil with the crude which they sold to
the Buffalo Lubricating Oil Company. Finally the supply was shut off
altogether.
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