Standard Oil Company; Trusts, Industrial -- United States
The most serious crisis in the contest was still to come. In 1892 the
gas wells of the city began to do what the people of the city will
never do--surrender to the enemy. When the oil trust found, after years
of opposition in the Legislature, the courts, and the gas-fields, that
it had been helpless to prevent Toledo from getting ample tracts of
excellent gas territory, with some of the largest gas wells in the
field, and equal to the supply of the entire consumption, domestic and
manufacturing, it turned to other tactics.
All about this territory secured by Toledo and found so productive the
private companies of the trust proceeded to buy or lease and to sink
wells. The trust shut off all its own wells, except those adjacent to
the city territory, and for two years drew exclusively from the wells
nearest those of the city. When the city's line was completed to the
wells the volume of gas was found to be largely reduced. It had been
drawn off into the wells of the opposition. In the spring of 1892 the
private companies resolved to put in pumps to strengthen the diminished
natural pressure, but to prevent the city from doing the same thing.
Then, with their pumps alone at work, the pressure could be so much
further reduced as to render the Toledo pipe line valueless. To this
end all efforts were directed. The newspapers were kept full of matter
showing how impossible it was to pump gas, that all the money expended
in pumps would be just so much wasted, and that the companies had
canvassed the matter fully, but abandoned the idea. Column after column
of inspired interviews filled the papers, all admonishing the city of
Toledo not to commit such an act of folly as to put in gas pumps. Then
application was made to enjoin the sale of the bonds authorized by the
council and the Legislature for pumps. So month after month dragged
along. The bonds remained unsold, and the pumps unobtainable.
The injunction was refused both by the Court of Common Pleas and by
the Circuit Court. But there was a right of appeal to the Ohio Supreme
Court until the beginning of 1892. Boston bankers had subscribed for a
large block of the bonds, but withdrew upon learning these facts. "It
is possible for the contestants," the lawyers advised them, "to carry
the matter to the Supreme Court. This, we understand, they propose
to do." The simple assertion of a purpose to continue the litigation
was enough to defeat the sale of the bonds. The payment of costs and
lawyers' fees would be a very moderate price to pay for compelling the
city's gas plant to go past midwinter without the pumps indispensable
for its operation. One of the employés of the private pipe line,
according to an account in one of the Toledo papers, declared to a
reporter that "if we could not prevent the city from putting in a
[pumping] plant any other way, we would blow it up with dynamite."[543]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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