The beetle is about half an inch long, and nearly black. One remedy, probably the best, is to place fresh pieces of pine bark on the ground, beneath the infested trees. By shaking the trees and examining the traps the following morning, many may be destroyed. =Bostrichus typographus= is another pest of our woodlands, and may frequently be seen, like fine white wool, spreading over the stem and branches of the silver and other firs. It spreads with terrible rapidity, first appearing in small patches here and there on the bole, and particularly on the under sides of the branches. The tree infested soon becomes unhealthy, and frequently dies off prematurely. Trees growing in low-lying, heavy ground would seem to fall a first prey to this insect. =Bostrichus laricis= is nearly allied to the former, but its devastations, which are, however, not very deadly, are principally confined to the larch. It is usually known as the “larch blight.” The =Pine Shoot Moths= (_Retinia buoliana_ and _R. turionella_) would seem to be more numerous in this country than is generally supposed. Quite lately I visited a large plantation of young Scotch fir, the terminal buds of which were greatly injured by the caterpillars of this elaborately-coloured moth. The moth lays its eggs at the base of the buds, and into these the caterpillars enter by hollowing out the centre, thus destroying their vitality and causing them to take on a withered appearance and to feel soft and empty to the touch. Trees infested by this insect resemble greatly in their stunted shoots and exudation of resin such as have become a prey to the Pine beetle (_Myelophilus piniperda_), only in the latter case it is the fresh young shoot and not the bud that is attacked. The _Retinia_ would seem, from all my notes and observations, to be most abundant in what might be termed neglected fir plantations, that is, where the trees have suffered from overcrowding, or from unfavourable conditions as to soil, etc., and particularly when the wood is composed entirely of one species. There is no method of dealing with large infested areas, for the attacked trees have repeatedly been cut over and removed without any seeming diminution in the numbers of the insect. One experiment with a small infested corner has been rewarded with good results, viz. the lighting of a fire to windward, and causing the smoke of coal tar to pass over the infected area. This might be worth trying in the case of fruit trees infested by particular insects.