[Illustration: SAWN WOOD FENCE] For park clumps, particularly where a substantial and neat fence to keep back horses, cattle or deer is required, the following, though rather expensive at first, is largely employed. The entire fence is made of oak or Spanish chestnut, and is shown on following page. [Illustration] [Illustration] [Illustration: OAK FENCES] Posts 7 ft. long, 6 in. by 4 in., and run out with the circular saw. Rails triangular, about 3½ in. to the side. The uprights are rent from oak or chestnut trees of straight grain, and are usually about ³/₁₆ of an inch thick, and 5 ft. high. The posts are erected 6 ft. apart, the rails being mortised into these, and the rent uprights fastened about 2 in. apart by patent rose nails to the horizontal rails. A fence of this kind, when properly erected, will last for upwards of forty years, especially if the butts of the posts are charred before being inserted in the ground. [Illustration: WIRE FENCE WITH WOODEN POSTS] Rustic fences for small tree clumps may be of almost any design, but the following is cheap and easily erected. It is formed of larch posts 6 ft. long, and about 4½ in. diameter, driven into the ground at 6 ft. apart. Two flat or rounded rails about 3 in. by 1¼ in. are nailed horizontally to these, the lower at 9 in. from the ground and the other flush with the tops of the posts, which when driven in are 4 ft. from ground level. The uprights are also of larch, split up the centre and nailed on the horizontal bars at 2 in. apart. They extend above the top rail for 7 in., and are sharply pointed so that they cannot be climbed over. [Illustration: TOOLS FOR FENCING]