Whale hunting with gun and camera: A naturalist's account of the modern shore-whaling industry, of whales and their habits, and of hunting experiences in various parts of the worldAndrews, Roy Chapman
Science
Whale hunting with gun and camera: A naturalist's account of the modern shore-whaling industry, of whales and their habits, and of hunting experiences in various parts of the world
Andrews, Roy Chapman
Whales; Whaling
On both sides of the Pacific the migrations take place at almost the
same time. Along the Korean coast near the end of November single
pregnant females appear, traveling steadily southward; a little later
both males and females are seen; and finally only males bring up the
rear, all having passed by January 25th.
When going south almost every female is found to be carrying young
nearly ready for birth, and all are hurrying straight ahead as though
anxious to arrive at the breeding grounds as soon as possible. The
devilfish again pass Ulsan, Korea, on the northward trip, about the
middle of March, and by May 15 have disappeared.
A comparison of these observations and those made by Scammon on the
California coast show that the migration periods of both herds
correspond closely and that the breeding grounds are in very nearly the
same latitude.
[Illustration:
The flukes of a gray whale. The edge of the flukes of this species is
very thick, but in most whales it is exceedingly thin.
]
As yet it is impossible to state whether or not the Korea or California
herds mingle in the north during the summer. Information gathered from
the whalers tends to show that a large part of the former school summers
in the Okhotsk Sea, and a large part of the latter in the Bering Sea and
farther north. Individuals of the two herds may mingle and interbreed
during their sojourn in the north, but it is probable that whales which
have been born near either the Korea or California coasts will find
mates among the members of their own herd during the southern migration,
and return annually to their birthplace. It is quite conceivable that
the case of the gray whale may be like that of the fur seal, where it
has been shown conclusively that members of the American and Japanese
herds do not mingle in the north although separated by comparatively few
miles of water.
Because of its regular migrations, the period of gestation of this
species can be more nearly determined than that of any other large
whale, and is about one year. Mating appears to take place in the south
during December or early January, and the calf is ready for delivery at
the same time the following winter; probably calves are born but once in
two years. The length of the gray whale calf at birth is between twelve
and seventeen feet and undoubtedly its size is much more than doubled
during the first year after birth.
The devilfish is a shore-loving species and on its annual migrations
always prefers to cruise along close to the beach. When unmolested it
swims about four or five miles an hour and cannot exceed nine miles even
when badly frightened and doing its best to get away.
At times the whales will go in so close to the shore that they are
actually rolling in the surf, and seem to enjoy being pounded by the
breakers. Scammon has observed the same habit in the California
specimens and says:
[Illustration:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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