What America did : $b A record of achievement in the prosecution of the warKelly, Florence Finch
History
What America did : $b A record of achievement in the prosecution of the war
Kelly, Florence Finch
World War, 1914-1918 -- United States
The Marine Corps, the landing and fighting force of the Navy, added
glowing pages to its already splendid record. As with every other
fighting force of the United States, it had first to increase its
numbers and train its new members. It had a total, when we entered
the war, of 14,000 officers and men. At the end of the war it had
70,000, the new members having come, mainly by enlistment, from all
classes of the community and including business, professional, working
and college men. In one instance a whole college battalion enlisted
together. Marine Corps service has always attracted young men of the
highest quality and these new members were especially notable for their
intelligence, spirit and fine soldierly character, qualities that shone
brilliantly in their action in the lines of battle. More democratic
than any other fighting force of the nation, the Marine Corps officers
are mainly promoted from its rank. Several officers’ training camps
were held at which intensive, practical and competitive work gave
thorough training in quick time and yielded a plentiful supply of
officers chosen in accordance with the work and character of the men.
Certain quotas of the Students’ Army Training Corps, which was hard at
work when the armistice was signed, were designated for Marine Corps
service. Recruiting and training stations for the Corps were increased
and enlarged and intensive training of the recruits went on steadily,
with such especial attention to rifle practice that when the Marines
drove the enemy back at Belleau Wood over 90 per cent of the men in
line had qualified as marksmen, sharp shooters or expert riflemen.
When the German Army, in its steady drive toward Paris in the last days
of May, 1918, had reached its nearest point to the capital city and the
Allied armies were facing a serious crisis. General Pershing offered
to Marshal Foch whatever he had in men and material that the French
Generalissimo could use and a division composed of regiments of Marines
and of the Regular Army was thrown forward to block the German advance,
which had been rolling steadily onward and driving everything before
it at the rate of six or seven miles per day. The Marines blocked the
advance in an engagement on June 2nd. Calmly setting their rifle sights
and aiming with precision, they met the German attack and under their
deadly fire, supported by machine guns and artillery, the enemy lines
wavered, stopped, and broke for cover.
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