Villari, Professor Pasquale, _Studies_: quoted, on problem of art in Renaissance, 113, 114 Viollet-le-Duc, _Entretiens sur l’architecture_: his theory of the origin of the arch, 109 Virgil, first foreign imitator of Homer, 42; compared with Milton, 46 _Æneid_: M. Arnold compares style with Milton’s, 47; Dryden’s translation, 53 _Eclogues_: 24 _Georgics_: 24 Vitruvius, 104 W Wagner, Richard, turned natural defect into success, 87; effect of his attempt to combine poetry and music, 136; effect of his music on morals, 138, 139 _Tristan and Isolde_: 139 War, between Hellenic peoples: weapons and prisoners, 199 Weem of Scale, beehive huts at, 100 Whitelaw’s _Sophocles_, 64 Wilamowitz, on _Persians_ of Timotheus, 39 Wills or testaments, 194-197 Women’s rights, 181 Wordsworth, least Greek of nineteenth-century poets, 57; illuminated by Plato, 57; and Pantheism, 228, 229; immortality of soul, 242, 243 _Excursion_: 40, 57 Wyse, William, of Trinity College, Cambridge, 195 X Xanthus the Lydian, historian, 71 Xenophanes, founder of school of Elea, 221; doctrine of, 222 Xenophon, historian, 79 _Cyrus_: 94 _Hiero_: picture of gloom, 116 Z Zeno, Eleatic, theory of sound, 225, 226 Zeno, the Stoic, 245 Zoölogy promoted by Aristotle, 171 FOOTNOTES: [1] The recent book of August Fick upon the place-names in Greek lands shows that the great majority are not Greek, and this is particularly the case with Attica, the purest home of culture, showing that even here there survived a large indigenous population. This is the new signification of the Athenian claim to be _autochthonous_, or native children of the soil. [2] The readers of my _Rambles and Studies in Greece_ will remember how I was once shipwrecked in the very harbour of Ægina, and compelled to seek hospitality in a modest private house. When I saw the woman of the house in the morning, by the light of day, I shouted to my companions that one of the figures of the Parthenon had walked into the room. The splendid type was there in its perfection. [3] The _Odyssey_ of Homer, the two tragedies on Œdipus of Sophocles, the _Birds and Frogs_ of Aristophanes, the Pythian odes of Pindar, not to speak of smaller gems such as the scraps of Sappho and Simonides, the Idylls of Theocritus. [4] Of course this common inference may be quite mistaken. Artificial things are often a real and great improvement on nature. [5] This is probably the case with Hipponax. [6] This remark is from Hare’s almost forgotten _Guesses at Truth_, an excellent book. [7] “Keen were his pangs but keener far to feel He nursed the pinion which impelled the steel” is straight from Æschylus.