What Led to the Discovery of the Source of the NileSpeke, John Hanning
History
What Led to the Discovery of the Source of the Nile
Speke, John Hanning
Horn of Africa -- Description and travel; Nile River; Tanganyika, Lake
Indeed, by all accounts of the country lying between the N'yanza, as
seen by the Arabs in Uganda, and let us say Gondokoro, a mission
station on the Nile, in north latitude 4° 44', which was occupied by
two Austrian missionaries, Knoblecher and Dooyak, we find it is
somewhat analogous to what we observed between the low Mrima or
maritime plain in front of Zanzibar, and the high interior plateau,
divided from one another by the East Coast Range, which is of granitic
formation, the same in its nature exactly as those which they
describe, and intersected by rivers so rapid and boisterous that no
canoes can live upon them; as, for instance, we found the Kingani and
Lufiji rivers were when passing over the East Coast Range. There the
land dropped from 2000 or more feet to less than 300 in the short
distance of 100 miles.
I will now proceed to give, first, the missionary account in 4° 44'
N., and then the Arab one in 2° N.--a debatable bit of ground,
extending over 2° 44', or 160 English miles. Talking of the
missionaries, "these two men," says Dr Petermann, "kept an annual
hygrometrical and meteorological register with great precision and
scientific regularity.[64] They had various instruments with them;
they fixed their station, Gondokoro, at 4° 44' north latitude by
astronomical observations, and determined the altitude of the Nile's
bed to be only 1605 feet above the sea, by numerous good barometrical
observations.... Gondokoro is surrounded on three sides by small
granitic hills, ranging about 2000 feet high, which are intersected by
the Nile coming from the south, as the king of the Bari country says,
from 200 to 300 miles;" which is equivalent to saying from the
N'yanza, as it lies exactly on the place he directs us to.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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