It carries impure material to the purifying organs, and pure material
away from them.
When it is lacking in quality or quantity the body suffers and if the
lack continues the body dies.
Every organ contributes its share to the work of the blood and every
organ takes from the blood some of its elements. If the blood pressure
is too low, stagnation may occur. If it is too high an abnormal
condition of the system results.
In fact, on the condition of the blood depends the effective working of
the entire organism.
Constant effort then should be intelligently exerted to eat the proper
foods, to exercise judiciously, to think healthful thoughts, to secure
thorough elimination of waste in order that the whole body shall be fit
for the work which its owner desires it to do.
_SUMMARY_
The processes which the food undergoes in digestion—conversion into
condition to be absorbed by the body; in absorption through the walls
of the intestines and stomach, and the metabolic processes which it
undergoes in being converted into heat and energy and again broken down
and eliminated as waste, are, in brief, as follows:
_The Saliva_ begins the digestion of starches and sugars in the mouth,
and continues this digestion for a time in the stomach.
_The Stomach_, when in normal condition, digests the proteins. If any
proteins fail of digestion in the stomach the process is completed in
the intestines. It has little absorptive power.
_The Small Intestine_ digests and absorbs the fats and continues the
digestion of starches, sugars, fats, and proteins, when this digestion
is not completed in the stomach.
The large part of the food is absorbed through the small intestine,
though a small part is absorbed through the walls of the stomach and
through the large intestine.
Fats are almost entirely absorbed in the small intestine. They are
absorbed through the lacteals and are carried into the blood-stream.
The intestines, aside from their work of digestion and absorption,
excrete bile pigment, bile salts, mucus, and other decomposition
products, also such food materials as are not digested.
_The Liver._ The proteins, the starches (converted into maltose),
and sugars pass into the liver. The sugar (including the sugar in
vegetables, milk, fruits and that used for sweetening as well as the
carbohydrates which have been changed into maltose) is converted into
glycogen in the liver, stored for a time, and again broken down into a
condition in which it may be absorbed into the blood.
The proteins pass through the liver but are not acted on by this organ
until they again return to the liver through the blood stream, after
they have been partly oxidized in the tissues. The liver further
oxidizes them, putting them into condition to be excreted by the
kidneys and intestines.
The liver also breaks up the worn-out red corpuscles putting them into
condition to be eliminated in the bile.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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