Black people -- Jamaica; Jamaica; Slavery -- Jamaica
He had seen more deaths than we of the twentieth century can contemplate
with equanimity, and many runaways trying to better their lot. It was
probably easier for the first slaves to run away than at the time we
come across them in the slave books of Worthy Park and Rose Hall. The
lonelier parts of the island were abandoned because of these runaway
negroes, who banded themselves together and were a constant danger to
the isolated settler. And a place in fertile Jamaica abandoned soon
becomes densest jungle, affording a still more useful shelter to people
accustomed to such surroundings. Even though the life of a savage in the
woods was a hard one, it was better than the almost certain fate that
awaited them if they came in and gave themselves up. I conclude it was
only when a slave found himself alone that he returned of his own free
will. If he found companions he stayed.
This of course it was that made of the Maroons such an ever present
danger, free as they were among a black population that outnumbered the
white ten to one. The settler had always an enemy within the gates.
“This bad success,” mourns the historian when the whites have failed to
overcome the Maroons, “encouraged Gentlemen's slaves to rebel.”
The trouble was that to keep the slaves under, a great quantity of arms
and ammunition had to be stored on the plantations, and when they rose
this was likely to be turned against their owners. Did one of those
overseers at Worthy Park ever toss restlessly on his feather bed
and wonder what would be his fate if some of those slaves, the
“ill-disposed” or “skulkers,” rushed his hot room and possessed
themselves of that store of powder?
It is only natural that history should mention the rebellions that made
their mark, and never those that were nipped in the bud. But those that
had a measure of success were numerous enough. There were no less than
four between 1678 and 1691, in the three last of which many white people
were murdered. One of these was at Sutton's, a plantation near the
centre of the island.
I have been to Sutton's. A long low house it is, not the first house,
the slaves burned that, behind it are the green hills and in front red
lilies grow beneath the bananas after the rain. The women who were
born there say it is the loveliest plantation in an island of lovely
plantations. And here at the end of the seventeenth century, 400 slaves,
stark naked savages with hoes and machetes in their hands, stormed
the house, and by sheer weight of numbers bore all before them. They
murdered their master and every white man there, and seized all the arms
kept to be used against them. Fifty muskets and blunderbusses and
other arms they took, great quantities of shot and four small field
pieces--(in such fear they had been held)--and then they marched on,
raiding other plantations and killing every white person they could lay
their hands upon.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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