Harvey, William, 1578-1657; Physicians -- England -- Biography
The next chapter is devoted to the description of the manner in which
the blood passes through the substance of the lungs from the right
ventricle of the heart into the pulmonary veins. It is followed by the
glorious eighth chapter, in which Harvey's style, always impressive and
solid, rises into real eloquence, for a great occasion justifies the
use of repetitions, of antitheses and an abundance of metaphors. He now
quits the method of demonstration and experiment for that of indirect
but irrefragable argument. He deals with the quantity of blood passing
through the heart from the veins to the arteries, and again brings
together all his threads to a nodal point. "Thus far I have spoken of
the passage of the blood from the veins into the arteries, and of the
manner in which it is transmitted and distributed by the action of the
heart; points to which some, moved either by the authority of Galen
or Columbus, or the reasonings of others, will give their adhesion.
But what remains to be said upon the quantity and source of the blood
which thus passes is of a character so novel and unheard of that I not
only fear injury to myself from the envy of a few, but I tremble lest
I have mankind at large for my enemies, so much doth wont and custom
become a second nature. Doctrine once sown strikes deeply its root, and
respect for antiquity influences all men. Still the die is cast, and my
trust is in my love of truth and the candour of cultivated minds. And
sooth to say when I surveyed my mass of evidence, whether derived from
vivisections and my various reflections on them, or from the study of
the ventricles of the heart and the vessels that enter into and issue
from them, the symmetry and the size of these conduits, for Nature
doing nothing in vain, would never have given them so large a relative
size without a purpose--or from observing the arrangement and intimate
structure of the valves in particular and of the other parts of the
heart in general, with many things besides, I frequently and seriously
bethought me and long revolved in my mind, what might be the quantity
of blood which was transmitted, in how short a time its passage might
be effected and the like. But not finding it possible that this could
be supplied by the juices of the ingested aliment without the veins on
the one hand becoming drained, and the arteries on the other getting
ruptured through the excessive charge of blood, unless the blood should
somehow find its way from the arteries into the veins and so return to
the right side of the heart; I began to think whether there might not
be a movement, as it were, in a circle. Now this I afterwards found to
be true, and I finally saw that the blood, forced by the action of the
left ventricle into the arteries, was distributed to the body at large
and in several parts in the same manner as it is sent through the lungs
impelled by the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery, and that it
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