William Jay and the Constitutional Movement for the Abolition of SlaveryTuckerman, Bayard
History
William Jay and the Constitutional Movement for the Abolition of Slavery
Tuckerman, Bayard
Antislavery movements -- United States; Jay, William, 1789-1858; United States -- Politics and government -- 1815-1861
not aware that there was a man or woman belonging to an antislavery
society who entertained a different opinion. This gentleman, holding
the responsible station of chairman of the executive committee of
the State society, avowing in its constitution the inability of
Congress to abolish slavery in the States, published an article in
the official paper of the society, asserting the constitutional
power of Congress immediately to emancipate every slave in the
United States, declaring that abolitionists had 'but one thing to
do'--which was to petition Congress to exercise this power; thus
repudiating the moral means they had prescribed for themselves,
viz., 'arguments addressed to the understandings and consciences of
our fellow-citizens'; and virtually recommending the employment of
_force_, the power of the general government as the sole agent in
effecting the abolition of slavery.
"I had supposed that sentiments so utterly at variance with the
solemn asseverations of abolitionists, so repugnant to the
constitutional pledges of their societies, would have excited
universal indignation; but I was mistaken. After the publication of
these sentiments, Mr. Stewart was selected as one of the orators of
the American Society at their ensuing anniversary. At the annual
meeting in May last he moved to purge from the constitution the
concession I have quoted, thus giving the society the constitutional
right of discharging what he had proclaimed the sole duty of
abolitionists, that of petitioning Congress to abolish slavery in
the States; and in supporting his motion he ridiculed the idea of
effecting our object by addresses to the understanding and
consciences of slaveholders. On taking the question a majority of
the society was in favour of expunging; and the admission respecting
the power of Congress still stands in the constitution only because
it required a vote of two thirds to cancel it. Mr. Stewart was
afterwards elected a manager of the society. A State society since
organized has by a formal vote refused to insert the usual admission
into its constitution, and another previously organized has since
stricken it from its constitution.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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