William Oughtred: A Great Seventeenth-Century Teacher of MathematicsCajori, Florian
History
William Oughtred: A Great Seventeenth-Century Teacher of Mathematics
Cajori, Florian
Mathematicians -- Biography; Mathematics -- Study and teaching -- History -- 17th century; Oughtred, William, 1575-1660
. . . . Which Treatise being not written in the usuall synthetical
manner, nor with verbous expressions, but in the inventive way of
Analitice, and with symboles or notes of things instead of words,
seemed unto many very hard; though indeed it was but their owne
diffidence, being scared by the newnesse of the delivery; and not any
difficulty in the thing it selfe. For this specious and symbolicall
manner, neither racketh the memory with multiplicity of words, nor
chargeth the phantasie with comparing and laying things together; but
plainly presenteth to the eye the whole course and processe of every
operation and argumentation.
Now my scope and intent in the first Edition of that my Key was, and in
this New Filing, or rather forging of it, is, to reach out to the
ingenious lovers of these Sciences, as it were Ariadnes thread, to
guide them through the intricate Labyrinth of these studies, and to
direct them for the more easie and full understanding of the best and
antientest Authors. . . . . That they may not only learn their
propositions, which is the highest point of Art that most Students aime
at; but also may perceive with what solertiousnesse, by what engines of
aequations, Interpretations, Comparations, Reductions, and
Disquisitions, those antient Worthies have beautified, enlarged, and
first found out this most excellent Science. . . . . Lastly, by framing
like questions problematically, and in a way of Analysis, as if they
were already done, resolving them into their principles, I sought out
reasons and means whereby they might be effected. And by this course of
practice, not without long time, and much industry, I found out this
way for the helpe and facilitation of Art.
Still greater emphasis upon rigorous thinking in mathematics is laid in
the preface to the Circles of Proportion and in some parts of his
Apologeticall Epistle against Delamain. In that preface William Forster
quotes the reply of Oughtred to the question how he (Oughtred) had for so
many years concealed his invention of the slide rule from himself
(Forster) whom he had taught so many other things. The reply was:
That the true way of Art is not by Instruments, but by Demonstration:
and that it is a preposterous course of vulgar Teachers, to begin with
Instruments, and not with the Sciences, and so in-stead of Artists, to
make their Scholers only doers of tricks, and as it were Iuglers: to
the despite of Art, losse of previous time, and betraying of willing
and industrious wits, vnto ignorance, and idlenesse. That the vse of
Instruments is indeed excellent, if a man be an Artist: but
contemptible, being set and opposed to Art. And lastly, that he meant
to commend to me, the skill of Instruments, but first he would haue me
well instructed in the Sciences.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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