William Shakespeare: A Critical StudyBrandes, Georg
General
William Shakespeare: A Critical Study
Brandes, Georg
Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616 -- Criticism and interpretation
The second unforgetable passage is the Baynard's Castle scene in the
third act. Richard has cleared away all obstacles on his path to the
throne. His elder brother Clarence is murdered--drowned in a butt of
wine. Edward's young sons are presently to be strangled in prison.
Hastings has just been hurried to the scaffold without trial or form of
law. The thing is now to avoid all appearance of complicity in these
crimes, and to seem austerely disinterested with regard to the crown.
To this end he makes his rascally henchman, Buckingham, persuade the
simple-minded and panic-stricken Lord Mayor of London, with other
citizens of repute, to implore him, in spite of his seeming reluctance,
to mount the throne. Buckingham prepares Richard for their approach
(iii. 7):--
"Intend some fear;
Be not you spoke with but by mighty suit:
And look you get a prayer-book in your hand,
And stand between two churchmen, good my lord:
For on that ground I'll make a holy descant:
And be not easily won to our requests;
Play the maid's part, still answer nay, and take it."
Then come the citizens. Catesby bids them return another time. His
grace is closeted with two right reverend fathers; he is "divinely
bent to meditation," and must not be disturbed in his devotions by any
"worldly suits." They renew their entreaties to his messenger, and
implore the favour of an audience with his grace "in matter of great
moment."
Not till then does Gloucester show himself upon the balcony between two
bishops.
When, at the election of 1868, which turned upon the Irish Church
question, Disraeli, a very different man from Richard, was relying on
the co-operation of both English and Irish prelates, _Punch_ depicted
him in fifteenth-century attire, standing on a balcony, prayer-book
in hand, with an indescribable expression of sly humility, while two
bishops, representing the English and the Irish Church, supported him
on either hand. The legend ran, in the words of the Lord Mayor: "See
where his grace stands 'tween two clergymen!"--whereupon Buckingham
remarks--
"Two props of virtue for a Christian prince,
To stay him from the fall of vanity;
And, see, a book of prayer in his hand,
True ornament to know a holy man."
The deputation is sternly repulsed, until Richard at last lets mercy
stand for justice, and recalling the envoys of the City, yields to
their insistence.
The third master-scene is that in Richard's tent on Bosworth Field (v.
3). It seems as though his hitherto immovable self-confidence had been
shaken; he feels himself weak; he will not sup. "Is my beaver easier
than it was? ... Fill me a bowl of wine.... Look that my staves be
sound and not too heavy." Again: "Give me a bowl of wine."
"I have not that alacrity of spirit,
Nor cheer of mind, that I was wont to have."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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