Not only had the number of steamships greatly increased, their tonnage had increased more still, but, in proportion to this increase the number of the crew had decreased. In 1871 a steamship had an average tonnage of 558 tons and a crew of 32.1 men. In 1909 it had an average freight capacity of 1230 tons and a crew of only 29 men. The rapid increase of motor power employed is another symptom of capitalistic development. In the territory of the German “Zollverein,” according to Viebahn, 99,761 horse-power were used in 1861.[195] In 1875, in Germany, factories employing more than five persons, used, 1,055,750 horse-power, and in 1895, 2,933,526 horse-power, almost three times the number used in 1875. Railroads, street cars and steamboats are not contained in this list. The following list shows the amount of horse-power used in Prussia: Stationary Movable boilers and steam engines traction engines 1879 888,000 47,000 1896 2,534,900 159,400 1900 3,461,700 229,600 1905 4,684,900 315,200 1906 4,995,700 334,400 1907 5,190,400 363,200 So the amount of horse-power employed in Prussia in 1907 is six times greater than in 1879. How tremendously industry has developed since the census of 1895 can be seen by the fact that the number of stationary engines in Prussia has increased by 35 per cent. from 1896 to 1907. The productiveness of the machines has increased by 105 per cent. during this period. While, in 1898, 3,305 steam engines of 258,726 horse-power served to run dynamos, there are 6,191 of 954,945 horse-power in 1907. That is an increase of 87 and 269 per cent.[196] The following figures show the increased application of steam-power in the most important industries (expressed in horsepower): Industry 1879 1897 1907 Mining and foundries 516,000 1,430,000 2,284,000 Masonry and bricks 29,000 132,000 255,000 Metallurgy 23,000 57,000 113,000 Machines 22,000 61,000 329,000 Textile 88,000 243,000 323,000[197]