Little is known of the facts of her life. She was the first woman who
came from Miletus, the pleasure-loving city of roses, and song, and
beautiful maidens. Why or how she left her home we are not told, but
there is a vague tradition that her parents were dead and that she went
away with the famous Thargelia, whose vigorous intellect, together with
her wit and beauty, made her a political power in Thessaly and the wife
of one of its kings during the Persian wars, though her personality is
the faintest of shadows to-day. It is supposed that Aspasia was young,
scarcely more than twenty, when she came to Athens, possibly to live
with a relative; but this is only a surmise. As a foreigner, whatever
her rank, she was outside the pale of good society. The high-born
Athenian women looked askance at her, were jealous of her, and said
wicked things about her. To be sure, the all-powerful Pericles took her
to his home and called her his wife, but she was not a citizen like
themselves, and could not lawfully bear his name.
The relation, however, left-handed though it may have been, was
a recognized and permanent one, not less regular perhaps than the
morganatic marriages of royal princes to-day, which make a woman a pure
and legal wife but never a queen. So rare was the devotion of the grave
statesman that it was thought worthy of record, and it was a matter
of gossip that he kissed Aspasia when he went out and when he came
in--clearly a startling innovation among Athenian husbands. Still more
astonishing was the fact that he listened to her counsel and talked
with her on State affairs, which, according to their traditions, no
reputable woman ought to know anything about. Plutarch tells us that
some went so far as to say that he paid court to her on account of her
wisdom and political sagacity. Socrates confesses his own indebtedness
to her in the use of language, and says that she made many great
orators. He thinks it no wonder that Pericles can speak, as he has so
excellent a mistress in the art of rhetoric, one who could even write
his speeches. He was himself so pleased with a funeral oration she had
spoken in his presence, partly from previous thought and partly from
the inspiration of the moment, that he learned it by heart. A friend
to whom he repeated it was amazed that a woman could compose such a
speech, and Socrates added that he might recall many more if he would
not tell. This special address was such a masterpiece of wisdom and
eloquence that Pericles was asked to give it every year. As he was
quite able to write his own, there was no room for jealousy, even if
Aspasia sometimes found in the same field a happy outlet for her fine
talent and living enthusiasm.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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