In 1863, the same year in which Dr. Thompson settled in Chicago, another graduate of the Philadelphia school penetrated still further west, and tried to establish herself in San Francisco. But this pioneer enterprise failed. In 1872, Mrs. Charlotte Blake Brown applied to be admitted to the medical colleges of San Francisco, but being refused, went to Philadelphia to study. In 1874 Mrs. Lucy Wanzer applied at the Toland Medical School. This had been founded by a generous millionaire, who presented it to the State University,—and as the State laws provide for the admission of both men and women to the State schools, the regents were compelled to receive Mrs. Wanzer, who thus was the first woman to graduate in medicine on the Pacific Coast. In 1875 the rival school, the Cooper Medical College, also opened its doors to women, Mrs. Alice Higgins being the first candidate. Both colleges now freely admit women, and there are about half a dozen in each class. Three of the ladies at present practicing in San Francisco are, however, graduates of Paris.[94] Two other medical schools, both in Western New York, have for several years admitted women: the school of the Syracuse University, and the school at Buffalo. Finally, in 1882, a fourth woman’s school was opened in Baltimore, and has connected with it a hospital, which is not, however, managed by women. The total number of students annually attending the various institutions which have now been enumerated may be approximately tabulated as follows: Woman’s Medical College of Pennsylvania, report in 1890, 181 students. Woman’s Medical College, N. Y. Infirmary, report in 1890, 90 students. Woman’s Medical College, Chicago, report in 1890, 90 students. University of California, report in 1890, 8 female students out of total of 27. Cooper College, San Francisco, report in 1890, 18 women out of total of 167. From Ann Arbor I have only obtained the list of female graduates, which is 88. The total number of graduates from the Philadelphia School, who have been enrolled among the alumnæ, is 560. The total number of graduates of the New York School is 135. During the current year, a movement has been inaugurated to obtain admission for women to the medical school of the Johns Hopkins University for the purpose of advanced study.[95]