Women in the Printing Trades: A Sociological Study.
General
Women in the Printing Trades: A Sociological Study.
Printing industry -- Great Britain; Women -- Employment -- Great Britain; Women printers -- Great Britain; Working class women -- Great Britain
(1) Hand folding and cementing of envelopes (includes putting band
round packet).
(2) Machine folding and cementing of envelopes (includes putting
band round packet).
(3) Black bordering.
(4) Stamping, plain and relief.
(5) Printing of addresses for circulars, etc. (small machines).
(6) Packing twelve packets in long packets and sample packing.
(7) Vellum sewing (folding, sewing, and looking over).
(8) Perforating (in same room).
(9) Machine ruling.
The number of women at each process in the part of factory seen were as
follows:--
(1) About 27, (2) 30, (3) 1, (4) 4 stamping, (5) about 8, (6) 3
and 1 sample packer (probably many more), (7) 4 sewing, 1 looking
over, 2 hanging about, (8) 1, (9) 4.
There are 42 other workers who are all older hands.
The girls employed in (1) are a superior grade to those in (2)
and will not mix at all. Wages about the same. (3), (4), (5), (6),
(7) and (8) are more or less same grade as (1); (9) are lower than
(2).
REGULARITY.--The work here is steady all the year round.
HEALTH.--All the girls are healthy, and the work is quite healthy.
HOURS.--They work 51 hours per week.
PROSPECTS.--Envelope hand folders can rise to be cementers or forewomen
(envelope hand folders being themselves a superior class to machine
folders or machine rulers); packers can rise to be sample packers.
16. R., _Stationery Firm (Christmas Cards, etc.) in London. Visit to
Works_.
WORK.--There are three departments:--
(1) _Relief Stamping_, with 20 regular hands. These girls work the
presses, which are of the newest kind, and some of which are very heavy.
They do monograms and all sorts of designs on menus, wedding cards,
Christmas cards, ball cards, etc., and stamp in gold, silver, or
colours.
(2) _Hand Painting_, with 21 regular hands. This means filling in
stamped-out or printed designs of various kinds of cards with colour,
_e.g._, figures of soldiers, flowers, and so on.
(3) _Packing Department_, with about 12 regular hands. They do up the
cards in packets, fold and gum special wedding envelopes, paste pictures
on to cards, tie the little ribbon bows on cards, and do all the many
little processes required for finishing this kind of work.
REGULARITY.--The work of this firm is very seasonal. The busy time is
for about three months before Christmas, but they are specially rushed
for the six weeks before Christmas. The regular hands are kept on all
the year round, but about 25 or 30 extra are employed for the packing
room for six weeks before Christmas. In the other departments they get a
few married hands just to come in and help. They are now (July)
preparing books of Christmas cards, but the orders for private Christmas
cards do not come in till November and December.
The girls who work in the packing room pack scents, etc., at other times
of the year.
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