Woodrow Wilson as I Know HimTumulty, Joseph P. (Joseph Patrick)
History
Woodrow Wilson as I Know Him
Tumulty, Joseph P. (Joseph Patrick)
Presidents -- United States -- Biography; Wilson, Woodrow, 1856-1924
Then comes the thunderbolt. President Wilson refuses to fall into the
trap and, crossing swords in earnest, presses his attack to the utmost
in the note of October 14. A mixed commission for evacuation? No!
These are matters which like the Armistice itself "must be left to the
judgment and advice of the military advisers of the Allied and
Associated Governments." Besides no armistice is possible if it does
not furnish "absolutely satisfactory safeguards and guarantees of the
maintenance of the present military supremacy of the armies of the
United States and of its allies." Besides, no armistice "so long as
the armed forces of Germany continue the illegal and inhuman practices
which they still persist in." Finally, no armistice so long as the
German nation shall be in the hands of military power which has
disturbed the peace of the world. As to Austria-Hungary, Germany has
no interest therein and the President will reply directly. In a single
page the whole poor scaffolding of the German Great General Staff is
overthrown. The Armistice and peace are not to be the means of
delaying a disaster and of preparing revenge. On the main question
itself the reply must be Yes or No!
In the books of Ludendorff and Hindenburg we see the shattering effect of
the President's answer upon the German military mind. Whatever
misunderstanding and misrepresentation of the President's position there
might be in his own country, whatever false rumours spread by party malice
to the effect that he had entered into negotiations with Germany without
the knowledge of the Allies and was imposing "soft" terms on Germany to
prevent a march to Berlin, the German commanders were under no illusions.
They knew that the President meant capitulation and that in his demand he
had the sanction of his European associates.
Says Ludendorff:
This time he made it quite clear that the Armistice conditions must be
such as to make it impossible for Germany to resume hostilities and to
give the powers allied against her unlimited power to settle
themselves the details of the peace accepted by Germany. In my view,
there could no longer be doubt in any mind that we must continue the
fight.
Said Hindenburg in an order "for the information of all troops," an order
never promulgated:
He [Wilson] will negotiate with Germany for peace only if she concedes
all the demands of America's allies as to the internal constitutional
arrangements of Germany…. Wilson's answer is a demand for
unconditional surrender. It is thus unacceptable to us soldiers.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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