Working Life of Women in the Seventeenth CenturyClark, Alice
History
Working Life of Women in the Seventeenth Century
Clark, Alice
Women -- Employment -- Great Britain -- History -- 17th century; Women -- Great Britain -- History -- 17th century
The demand made by the woollen trade on the labour of children is shown
by a report from the Justices of the Peace of the Boulton Division of
the Hundred of Salford, ... “for apprentices there hath beene few found
since our last certificate by reason of the greate tradeing of fustians
and woollen cloth within the said division, by reason whereof the
inhabitants have continuall employment for their children in spinning
and other necessary labour about the same.”[216]
Footnote 216:
_S.P.D._, ccclxiv., 122, July, 1637.
Those who gave out the wool and collected the yarn were called market
spinners, but the qualifying term “market” is sometimes omitted, and
when men are referred to as spinners it may be assumed that they are
organising the work of the spinsters, and not engaged themselves in the
process of spinning.[217] Though the demand for yarn generally exceeded
the supply, wages for spinning remained low throughout the seventeenth
century. A writer in the first half of the eighteenth century who urges
the establishment of a nursery of spinners on the estate of an Irish
landlord admits that their labour is “of all labour on wools the most
sparingly paid for.”[218]
Footnote 217:
_Somerset Q.S. Rec._, Vol. III., p. 56, 1648. _Complaint ... by ...
Thos Chambers, Randall Carde, Dorothy Palmer, Stephen Hodges and Wm.
Hurman, persons ymployed by Henry Denmeade servant to Mr. Thos. Cooke,
Clothier for the spinning of certen wool and convertinge it into yarne
and twistinge it thereof for the benefitt of the said Mr. Cooke that
theire wages for the same spinninge and twistinge had been deteyned
from them by the said Mr. Cooke ... it is ordered that the said Mr. C.
doe forthwith pay to the said Thos. Chambers the some of ffowerteene
shillings to the said Randall Carde the some of nyne shillings and
fower pence, to the said Dorothy Palmer the some of eighteen shillings
and one penny to the said Stephen Hodges the some of nyne shillings
and four pence and to the said Wm. Hurman the some of nyne shillings._
Footnote 218:
_Scheme to prevent the running of Irish wools to France_, p. 19.
Wages for spinning are mentioned in only three of the extant Quarter
Sessions’ Assessments, and it is not specified whether the material is
wool or flax:
1654. Devon. 6d. per week with meat and drink, or 1s. 4d. without them.
1688. Bucks. Spinners shall not have by the day more than 4d. without
meat and drink.
1714. Devon. 1s. per week with meat and drink, 2s. 6d. without them.
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