[1] Born at Steinheim, near Paderborn, in Westphalia; a proofreader in Melchior Lotter's printing-house at Leipzig, with whose oldest son he went to Wittenberg in 1519; professor of poetry at the university; rector of the same, 1525; one of Luther's staunchest supporters; rector of the school at Lünenberg, 1532 until his death in 1540. Compare Enders, _Luther's Briewechsel_, II, 490; Tschackert, _op. cit._, 203, and literature in Clemen, I, 426. [2] _Resolutiones disputatio num de indulgentiarum Virtute_, 1518; others think he refers to the Sermon _von Ablass und Gnade_, of the same year. [3] Sylvester Prierias and the Dominicans. Comp. Köstlin-Kawerau, Luther, I, 189 ff. [4] _Resolutiones super prop, xiii._, 1519. [5] Comp. The Papacy at Rome, Vol. I, p. 392. [6] Comp. Fr. Lepp, _Schlagworter des Ref. zeitalters_ (Leipzig, 1908), p. 62. [7] The Franciscan Augustin Alveld. See Introduction, and compare Lemmens, _Pater Aug. v. Alveld_ (Freiburg, 1599). [8] Isidore Isolani. See Introduction. [9] Luther pokes fun at the use of _revocatio_ with an objective genitive. [10] See above, p. 58, and compare Preserved Smith, _Luther's Correspondence_, Vol. I, letter no. 265. [11] Cf. _The Papacy at Rome_, Vol. I, p. 337. The title-page of Alveld's treatise contained twenty-six lines. [12] A satiric reference to a section in Alveld's treatise, on the name of Jesus, which he spells IHSVH and brings proofs for this form from the three languages, mentioned. See Seckendor, _Hist. Luth._, lib. I, sect. 27, § lxx, add. ii. [13] Alveld calls himself, on his title-page, _Franciscanus regularis observantiae Sanctae Crucis_. The Observantines were Franciscan monks of the stricter rule, who separated from the Conventuals in the XV. Century. See _Prot. Realencyklopädie^3, VI, 213 ff. [14] In the _Treatise on the Blessed Sacrament_; see above, p. 9. [15] The universities of Cologne and Louvain had ratified Eck's "victory" over Luther at the Leipzig Disputation. See Köstlin-Kawerau, I, 266, 298. [16] _De disputatione Lipsicensi_, 1519. [17] _A venatione Luteriana Aegocerotis assertio_, 1519. [18] Some theologians--e. g., Cajetan and Durandus--doubted whether the Sacrament of Order was received by deacons; the Council of Trent decided against them.--_Cath. Encyclop._, IV, 650. [19] For Luther's opinion of Aristotle see above, pp. 146 f. [20] The Franciscans are meant. The allusion may be to the seraphic vision of St. Francis. [21] See above, pp. 153 ff. [22] A less lenient view was taken by Boniface Amerbach, writing to his brother Basil at Basle, October 20, 1520: "The good man (Luther) was not a little injured by the libel of a poor impostor, who, by pretending that Martin had recanted, brought back even those who had entered upon the way of truth to their former errors." See Smith, _op. cit._, I, no. 316. [23] The present did not last very long; see below, p. 292. [24] So called because of the withholding of the wine from the laity.