Works of Martin Luther, with Introductions and Notes (Volume II)Luther, Martin
ReligionChristian
Works of Martin Luther, with Introductions and Notes (Volume II)
Luther, Martin
Lutheran Church -- Early works to 1800; Theology -- History -- 16th century -- Early works to 1800
[Sidenote: The Third Commandment]
The _Third Commandment_ teaches how man shall act toward God outwardly
in deeds, that is, in the worship of God. It is,
_Thou shalt hallow the holy day._[1]
These three commandments, then, teach how man is to act toward God in
thoughts, words and deeds,--that is, in all his life.
[Sidenote: The Second Table]
The _Second Table of Moses_--the Table of the Left Hand--contains the
other seven Commandments. In these man is taught what he is in duty
bound to do and not to do to other men, that is, to his neighbor,
[Sidenote: The Fourth Commandment]
The _first_ of them teaches how one is to conduct oneself toward all
the authorities who are God's representatives. Therefore, it has its
place before the rest, and immediately after the first three, which
concern God Himself. Such authorities are father and mother, spiritual
and temporal lords, etc. It is,
_Honor thy father and thy mother._
The _second_ teaches how one is to conduct oneself toward one's
neighbor in matters that concern his person,--not to do him injury,
but to benefit and help him when he is in need. It is,
_Thou shalt not kill._
[Sidenote: The Sixth Commandment]
The _third_ teaches how one is to conduct oneself toward the best
possession one's neighbor has next to his person,--that is, toward his
wife, his child, his friend. He is to put no shame upon them, but to
preserve their honor, so far as he is able. It is,
_Thou shalt not commit adultery._
[Sidenote: The Seventh Commandment]
The _fourth_ teaches how one is to conduct oneself toward one's
neighbor's temporal possessions,--not to take them from him or hinder
him in their use, but to aid him in increasing them. It is,
_Thou shalt not steal._
[Sidenote: The Eighth Commandment]
The _fifth_ teaches how one is to conduct oneself toward one's
neighbor's worldly honor and good name,--not to impair them, but to
increase and guard and protect them. It is,
_Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbor._
So, then, it is forbidden to harm one's neighbor in any of his
possessions, and it is commanded to advance his interests. If we
consider the natural law,[2] we find how just and right all these
commandments are; for there is no act here commanded, toward God or
one's neighbor, that each of us would not wish to have done toward
himself, if he were God, or in God's place or his neighbor's.
[Sidenote: The Ninth and Tenth Commandments]
The last two Commandments teach how wicked human nature is, and how
pure we should be from all the desires of the flesh and desires for
this world's goods; but that means struggle and labor as long as we
live here below. They are,
_Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's house._
_Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's wife, nor his manservant, nor his
maidservant, nor his cattle, nor anything that is thy neighbor's._
A BRIEF CONCLUSION TO THE TEN COMANDMENTS
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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