Worlds in the making: The evolution of the universeArrhenius, Svante
Science
Worlds in the making: The evolution of the universe
Arrhenius, Svante
Cosmogony
Similar reasons render it difficult for most localities to indicate the
daily periodicity of the polar lights. Most of the solar dust falls
about noon; and most polar lights should therefore be counted a few
hours after noon, just as the highest temperature of the day is reached
a little after noon. On account of the intense sunlight, however,
this maximum can only be established in the wintry night of the polar
regions, and even there only when a correction has been made for the
disturbing effect of the twilight. In this way Gyllenskiöld found a
northern-light maximum at 2.40 P.M. for Cape Thordsen, on Spitzbergen,
the corresponding minimum being at 7.40 A.M. In other localities we
can only ascertain that the polar lights are more intense and more
frequent before than after midnight. In central Europe the maximum
occurs at about 9 P.M.; in Sweden and Norway (in latitude 60° N.), half
an hour or an hour later.
A few other periods, approximately of the length of a month, have
been suggested with regard to polar lights. A period lasting 25.93
days predominates in the southern lights, where the maximum exceeds
the average by 44 per cent. For the northern lights in Norway the
corresponding excess percentage is 23; for Sweden, only 11.[9]
[Footnote 9: The reason is that in the southern district only
very few, and chiefly the most intense, auroras are recorded.
If we observe very assiduously in a large country, and conduct
the observations at different spots, we shall find polar light
almost every night. This consideration partly wipes out the
just-mentioned differences.]
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