Y Gododin: A Poem of the Battle of CattraethAneirin
History
Y Gododin: A Poem of the Battle of Cattraeth
Aneirin
Cattraeth, Battle of, Catterick, England, ca. 600 -- Poetry
{194a} The sound of the name, in connection with the word “hual,” in a
former line, makes it very probable that the hero mentioned was of the
tribe of Caswallon Law Hir, celebrated as one of the “hualogion deulu” of
the Isle of Britain, called so because the men bound themselves together
with the
“hualau,” or fetters of their horses, to sustain the attack of Serigi
Wyddel, whom Caswallon slew with his own hand, when he drove the Irish
out of Anglesey.
“Tri hualogion teulu Y. P. Teulu Caswallon Llawhir a ddodasant hualeu
eu Meirch ar eu traed pob deu o naddynt wrth ymladd a Serigi Wyddel
yng Cerrig y Gwyddyl y Mon, a theulu Rhiwallon mab Uryen yn ymladd ar
Saeson, a theulu Belyn o Leyn yn ymladd ag Etwyn ym mryn Ceneu yn
Rhos.” (Triad 49, first series.)
Caswallon Law Hir was the son of Einion Yrth ab Cunedda Wledig, king of
Gododin. He succeeded to the sovereignty of North Wales, A.D. 443, and
is said to have died in 517. There was a Cas son of Seidi, who was one
of the heroes of Arthur’s Court.
{194b} A hundred in the middle part of North Wales, so called from
Rhuvon son of Cunedda Wledig, whose inheritance it was.
{194c} Probably the enemy.
{194d} Or, “the shout was raised.”
{194e} Cadvorion, i.e. cad-vawrion; or, it may be, more literally,
cad-vorion, “martial ants,” in reference to their activity.
{194f} Lit. “warning.”
{195a} Lit. “prepared.”
{195b} The popular air “Nos Galan” is supposed to have been a relic of
the musical entertainments of this season.
{195c} A chieftain of Mona, the land that enjoyed “the valour of Ervei;”
see his Elegy by Taliesin apud Myv. Arch. v. i. p. 70. Ervei was also
engaged in the battle of Cattraeth;—
“Red speared was Urvei before the lord of Eiddin.” (Gorch. Mael.)
{195d} That is, in domestic life he was as refined as a lady, modest as
a virgin, whilst in war he was brave and high minded.
{195e} The word “teyrn” reminds us of a line which countenances the
theory we suggested relative to the expression “edyrn diedyrn,” in stanza
xv. but which we omitted to mention in its proper place. It occurs in
the “Elegy on Cunedda.” (Myv. Arch. i. p. 71) as follows;—
“Rhag mab _edern_ cyn _edyrn_ anaelew.”
“Before the son of Edeyrn ere his kingdom became fearful.”
{196a} This warrior was probably of the family of Urien Rheged, for a
grandson of his, the celebrated Kentigern, was called Cyndeyrn Garthwys.
Arthwys son of Ceneu ab Coel was too early for the battle of Cattraeth.
{196b} Tinogad was the son of Cynan Garwyn, and was celebrated for his
swift steed, named Cethin.
“Tri marchlwyth ynys Prydain—ar ail marchlwyth aduc Cornann March
meibion Eliffer gosgortuawr, a duc Gwrgi a Pheredur arnaw, ac nys
gordiuedawd neb namyn Dinogat vab Kynan Garwyn yar y Kethin kyvlym ac
aruidiawt ac aglot a gauas yr hynny hyd hediw.” (Triad 11, second
series.)
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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