Yoga as philosophy and religionDasgupta, Surendranath
Religion
Yoga as philosophy and religion
Dasgupta, Surendranath
Hindu philosophy; Patañjali; Yoga
With the bhūtas we have the last stage of evolution of the guṇas. The
course of evolution, however, does not cease here, but continues
ceaselessly, though by its process no new stage of existence is
generated, but the product of the evolution is such that in it the
properties of the gross elements which compose its constitution can be
found directly. This is what is called _dharmapariṇāma_, as
distinguished from the _tattvāntara-pariṇāma_ spoken above. The
evolution of the viśeshas from the aviśeshas is always styled
tattvāntara-pariṇāma, as opposed to the evolution that takes place among
the viśeshas themselves, which is called _dharmapariṇāma_ or evolution
by change of qualities. Now these atoms or paramāṇus of kshiti, ap,
tejas, marut or ākāśa conglomerate together and form all sentient or
non-sentient bodies in the world. The different atoms of earth, air,
fire, water, etc., conglomerate together and form the different animate
bodies such as cow, etc., or inanimate bodies such as jug, etc., and
vegetables like the tree, etc. These bodies are built up by the
conglomerated units of the atoms in such a way that they are almost in a
state of combination which has been styled _ayutasiddhāvayava_. In such
a combination the parts do not stand independently, but only hide
themselves as it were in order to manifest the whole body, so that by
the conglomeration of the particles we have what may be called a body,
which is regarded as quite a different thing from the atoms of which it
is composed. These bodies change with the different sorts of change or
arrangement of the particles, according to which the body may be spoken
of as “one,” “large,” “small,” “tangible” or “possessing” the quality of
action. Some philosophers hold the view that a body is really nothing
but the conglomeration of the atoms; but they must be altogether wrong
here since they have no right to ignore the “body,” which appears before
them with all its specific qualities and attributes; moreover, if they
ignore the body they have to ignore almost everything, for the atoms
themselves are not visible.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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