2. As it was necessary that a man should not retain his right to every thing, so also was it, that he should retain his right to some things; to his own body, for example, the right of defending, whereof he could not transfer; to the use of fire, water, free air, and place to live in, and to all things necessary for life. Nor doth the law of nature command any divesting of other rights, than of those only which cannot be retained without the loss of peace. Seeing then many rights are retained, when we enter into peace one with another, reason and the law of nature dictateth, _Whatsoever right any man requireth to retain, he allow every other man to retain the same_. For he that doth not so, alloweth not the equality mentioned in the former section. For there is no acknowledgment of worth, without attribution of the equality of benefit and respect. And this allowance of _æqualia æqualibus_, is the same thing with the allowing of _proportionalia proportionalibus_. For when a man alloweth to every man alike, the allowance he maketh, will be in the same proportion, in which are the numbers of men to whom they are made. And this is it men mean by _distributive justice_, and is properly termed _equity_. The breach of the law is that which the Greeks call Πλεονεξία, which is commonly rendered _covetousness_, but seemeth to be more precisely expressed by the word _encroaching_. [Sidenote: Another, that those things which cannot be divided, be used in common.] 3. If there pass no other covenant, the law of nature is, _That such things as cannot be divided, be used in common, proportionably to the numbers of them that are to use the same, or without limitation, when the quantity thereof sufficeth_. For first supposing the thing to be used in common, not sufficient for them that are to use it without limitation, if a few shall make more use thereof than the rest, that equality is not observed, which is required in the second section. And this is to be understood, as all the rest of the laws of nature, without any other covenant antecedent: for a man may have given away his right of common, and so the case be altered. [Sidenote: Another, that things indivisible and incommunicable, be divided by lot.] 4. In those things which neither can be divided, nor used in common, the rule of nature must needs be one of these, _lot_, or _alternate use_: for besides these two ways, there can no other equality be imagined; and for alternate use, he that beginneth, hath the advantage; and to reduce that advantage to equality, there is no other way but lot, in things, therefore indivisible and incommunicable, it is the law of nature, _That the use be alternate, or the advantage given away by lot_; because there is no other way of equality. And equality is the law of nature. [Sidenote: Natural lot, primogeniture, and first possession.]