Philosophumena; or, The refutation of all heresies, Volume I — David Hume — John Shaqi
Philosophumena; or, The refutation of all heresies, Volume I
David Hume · en
9. The differences from one another of the circles and the spheres
in height are also given by Archimedes. He takes the perimeter of
the Zodiac at 447,310,000 stadia, so that a straight line from the
centre of the Earth to its extreme surface is the sixth part of the
said number, and from the surface of the Earth on which we walk to
the Zodiac is exactly one-sixth of the said number less 40,000 stadia
which is the distance from the centre of the Earth to its surface.
And from the circle of Kronos to the Earth, he says, the interval is
2,226,912,711 stadia; and from the [Sidenote: p. 71.] circle of the
Fiery One to the Earth, 132,418,581; and from the Sun to the Earth,
121,604,454; from the Shining One to the Earth, 526,882,259; and from
Aphrodite to the Earth, 50,815,160.[58]
10. And about the Moon we have before spoken. The distances and
depths[59] of the spheres are thus given by Archimedes, but Hipparchus
speaks differently about them, and Apollonius the mathematician
differently again. But it is enough for us in following the Platonic
theory to think of the intervals between the Wanderers as in ratios
of 2 and 3. For thus is kept alive the theory of the harmonious
construction of the universe in accordant ratios[60] by the same
distances. But the numbers set out by Archimedes and the ratios quoted
by the others concerning the distances, if they are not in accordant
ratios, that is in those called by [Sidenote: p. 72.] Plato twofold
and threefold, but are found to be outside the chords,[61] would not
keep alive the theory of the harmonious construction of the universe.
For it is neither probable nor possible that their distances should
have no ratio to one another, that is, should be outside the chords
and enharmonic scales. Except perhaps the Moon alone, from her waning
and the shadows of the Earth, as to which planet alone you may trust
Archimedes, that is to say for the distance of the Moon from the Earth.
And it will be easy for those who accept this calculation to ascertain
the number and the other distances according to the Platonic method
by doubling and tripling as Plato demands.[62] If then, according to
Archimedes, the Moon is distant from the Earth 5,544,130 stadia, it
will be easy by increasing these numbers in ratios of 2 and 3 to find
her distance from the rest by taking one fraction of the number of
stadia by which the Moon is distant from the Earth.