Philosophumena; or, The refutation of all heresies, Volume II
David Hume · en
9. Now Heraclitus says that the All is (one),[8] divided [and]
undivided, originated [and] unoriginated, mortal [and] immortal, reason
[and] eternity,[9] Father [and] Son, a just God. “It is wise,” says
Heraclitus, “that those who listen, not to me, but to reason,[10]
should acknowledge all things to be one.” And because all men do not
know nor acknowledge this, he reproves them somehow thus: “They do
not understand how anything that is diverse can agree [Sidenote: p.
428.] with itself. It is an inverse harmony, like that of a bow and a
lyre.” But that the All is ever Reason[11] and exists by it, he thus
declares:--“That this Reason ever exists, men do not understand either
before they hear it or when they hear it first. For while all things
come to pass according to this Reason, they seem to be ignorant of
it, although they seem to have attempted endlessly[12] by words and
deeds such a description as I now give by analysis of their nature
and by saying how things are.” But that the All is a Son and for ever
an eternal being of the universals, he says thus: “A boy playing at
tables[13] is Eternity; the kingdom is a boy’s.” That he is father
of all things that have been generated, begotten and unbegotten, the
creation and [its] Demiurge, we have his saying: “War is father of
[Sidenote: p. 429.] all, but king of all; and it displays some men
as gods, others as men; some it makes slaves, others free. Because
[this][14] is a harmony like that of bow and lyre.” But that the
unapparent, the unseen and unknown by men is [better],[15] he says in
these words: “An unapparent harmony is better than an apparent.” He
thus commends and admires that which is unknown to him before that
which is known, and the invisible before that which can be [seen]. And
that it is to be seen of men and is not undiscoverable, he says in
these words: “Whatever sight, hearing [and] learning can receive,[16]
I honour before all,” he says, that is, [I prefer][17] the things seen
to those unseen. From such phrases of his it is easy to comprehend his
argument. He says that men are deceived in regard to the knowledge of
things apparent like Homer, who was the wisest of all the Greeks. For
children when killing lice, tricked him by [Sidenote: p. 430.] saying:
“What we see and clutch we leave behind; but what we neither see nor
clutch, we take away with us.”