The great scarcity of food was even more pinching for the horses and
mules than for the soldiers. So difficult was it to find sufficient
provender for them that many of them were taken across the river and
turned loose. A number of horses, left tied in an open field, fed
upon one another’s manes and tails, and were finally reclaimed in
a condition of ridiculous nudity. Towards the close of the siege,
among the reports of general officers made to headquarters at night,
was one from Gen. Manson of Indiana. In it was the statement that
“the mules had that day eaten up the fifth wheel of a caisson.”
The official report of this exploit of stubborn animals, whose
chief vivacity was supposed to be in their heels, lightened the
social atmosphere for a moment of its cares, and provoked a round
of laughter from the company, in which the Commander-in-chief
heartily joined. Habitually, a spirit of cheerfulness prevailed
at headquarters. At first they were established in a large and
commodious mansion on the principal street; but a hostile shell
struck near the house, and it was conjectured that his enemy had
learned of Burnside’s precise location from citizens of the town.
Therefore, upon advice of friends, his office was transferred to a
store-house, one hundred yards southward across the way. There, as
the siege progressed, when the work of the day was over, he relaxed
in pleasant conversation with his military family, the younger
members of which occasionally joined in vocal music with spirit and
effect. A favorite song of the party was Mrs. Howe’s Battle Hymn of
the Republic:
“Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord.”
There, at night, Union citizens visited, to learn his mind concerning
the military situation and draw comfort and encouragement from
his frank and hopeful words. Nor were those known to have been
“Southern sympathizers,” but who gave no occasion of offense to
the authorities, excluded from his presence during the day, when
seeking it in their troubles. Men who indulged in open and persistent
contumacy, he visited with restraint, but more obnoxious cases of
that kind were chiefly sent by Gen. Foster after the siege within the
Confederate lines.
To the scarcity of food for man and beast was added that of fuel.
There was a general destruction of fences in the town to supply the
necessity, which was specially urgent in the hospitals, where the
cold hastened the death of more than one feeble patient. The celerity
with which a company of soldiers, acting under orders, could pull
down planks, wrest up posts, and carry them all away, was remarkable.
The spectators stood amazed. Unionist owners were contented over
their losses, knowing the army’s need, and friends of the South who
lost, grieved in silence.