In the foundations of one of the towers to the north of the Gate of the Pempton, pulled down in 1868 for the sake of building material, a large number of marble tombstones were found, some being plain slabs, others bearing inscriptions. Among the latter, several were to the memory of persons connected with the body of auxiliary troops, styled the Fœderati. Such Gothic names as Walderic, Saphnas, Bertilas, Epoktoric, occurred in the epitaphs, _e.g._— † ΕΝΘΔΕ ΚΤΑ ... Ι Ο ΤΗΣ ΜΑΚΑΡΙΑΣ ΜΝΗΜΗΣ ΣΕΦΝΑΣ ΔΕΣΠΟΤΙΚΟΣ ΠΙΣΤΟΣ ΦΟΙΔΕΡΑΤΟΣ ΕΤΕΛΕΥΤΗΣΕΝ ΔΕ ΜΗ ΝΟΕΜΒΡΙΩ ΚΔ ΗΜΕΡΑ Β ΙΝΔ Β. See Paspates, pp. 33, 34; _Proceedings of the Greek Literary Syllogos of Consple._, vol. xvi., 1885; _Archæological Supplement_, pp. 17-23. Some of the stones are in the Imperial Museum. Footnote 364: Critobulus, i. c. 26, c. 31. Footnote 365: Phrantzes, p. 253; Critobulus, i. c. 26; Leonard of Scio, “In loco arduo Miliandri, quo urbs titubabat.” Footnote 366: _Leonard of Scio_, Migne, vol. clix. pp. 929, 940. Footnote 367: Dolfin, s. 31. Footnote 368: _Paschal Chron._, pp. 719, 720. Footnote 369: Theophanes, p. 573. Footnote 370: Nicetas Chon., p. 493. Footnote 371: Cantacuzene, iii. p. 525. Footnote 372: Anna Comn., ii. p. 124. Footnote 373: Nicetas Chon., p. 824. Footnote 374: Cantacuzene, i. p. 291; Nicephorus Greg., ix. pp. 419, 420. Footnote 375: See Muralt, _Essai de Chronographie Byzantine_, vol. ii. See below, pp. 162, 163. Footnote 376: Cananus, pp. 461, 462. Footnote 377: Compare the narratives of Phrantzes, pp. 246, 253; Critobulus, i. c. 23, 27, 31, 34, 60; Ducas, p. 275; Leonard of Scio (_Migne_, vol. clix.). Footnote 378: Critobulus, i. c. 60. Footnote 379: Phrantzes, p. 287. Footnote 380: Cantacuzene, iii. p. 558; Theophanes, p. 667. Footnote 381: Ducas, p. 282. The Circus was known as the Circus of St. Mamas, because of its proximity to that church, and appears frequently in Byzantine history.