The reason why : $b a careful collection of many hundreds of reasons for things which, though generally believed, are imperfectly understood. A book of condensed scientific knowledge for the million
John Stuart Mill · en
Yes; to such a degree that inflammable matters may be ignited by it.
If a cannon ball be made red hot, and then be placed in an iron stand
between two bright reflectors, inflammable materials, placed in a
proper position to catch the reflected rays, _will ignite from the
heat_.
There is a curious and an exceptional fact with reference to
_reflected_ heat, for which we confess that we are unable to
give "_The Reason Why_." It is found that snow, which lies near
the trunks of trees or the base of upright stones, melts before
that which is at a distance from them, though the sun may shine
equally upon both. If a blackened card is placed upon ice or snow
under the sun's rays, the frozen body underneath it will be thawed
before that which surrounds it. But if we _reflect_ the sun's
rays from a metal surface, the result is _directly contrary_--the
exposed snow is the first to melt, leaving the card standing as
upon a pyramid. Snow _melts_ under heat which is _reflected_ from
the trees or stones while it withstands the effect of the _direct
solar rays_. In passing through a cemetery this winter (1857),
when the snow lay deep, we were struck with the circumstance that
the snow in front of the head-stones facing the sun was completely
dissolved, and, in nearly every instance, the space on which the
snow had melted assumed a coffin-like shape. This forced itself so
much upon our attention that we remained some time to endeavour
to analyse the phenomena; and it was not until we remembered the
curious effect of _reflected heat_ that we could account for it.
It is obvious that the rays falling from the upper part of the
head-stone on to the _foot_ of the grave would be less powerful
than those that radiated from the _centre_ of the stone to the
centre of the grave. Hence it was that the heat dissolved at the
foot of the grave only a narrow piece of snow, which widened
towards the centre, and narrowed again as it approached the foot
of the head-stone, where the lines of radiation would naturally
decrease. Such a phenomena would prove sufficient to raise
superstition in untutored minds.
[Verse: "The light of the righteous rejoiceth, but the lamp of the
wicked shall be put out."--PROVERBS XIII.]
216. _Are good reflectors of heat also good absorbers?_
No; for reflectors at once _send back_ the heat which they receive,
while absorbers _retain it_. It is obvious, therefore, that
_reflectors_ cannot be good _absorbers_.
217. _How do fire-screens contribute to keep rooms cool?_
Because they turn away from the persons in the room rays of heat which
would otherwise make the warmth excessive.
218. _Why are white and light articles of clothing cool?_
Because they _reflect_ the rays of heat.
White, as a _colour_, is also a bad _absorber_ and _conductor_.