Holyoake (George Jacob), b. Birmingham, 13 April 1817. Became mathematical teacher of the Mechanics' Institution. Influenced by Combe and Owen he became a Freethinker, and in '40 a Socialist missionary. In '42, when Southwell was imprisoned for writing in the Oracle of Reason, Mr. Holyoake took charge of that journal, and wrote The Spirit of Bonner in the Disciples of Jesus. He was soon arrested for a speech at Cheltenham, having said, in answer to a question, that he would put the Deity on half-pay. Tried Aug. '42, he was sentenced to six months imprisonment, of which he gave a full account in his Last Trial by Jury for Atheism in England. In Dec. '43 he edited with M. Q. Ryall the Movement, bearing the motto from Bentham, "Maximise morals, minimise religion." The same policy was pursued in The Reasoner, which he edited from 1846 till 1861. Among his many pamphlets we must notice the Logic of Death, '50, which went through numerous editions, and was included in his most important Freethought work, The Trial of Theism. In '49 he published a brief memoir of R. Carlile. In '51 he first used the term "Secularist," and in Oct. '52 the first Secular Conference was held at Manchester Mr. Holyoake presiding. In Jan. '53 he held a six nights discussion with the Rev. Brewin Grant, and again in Oct. '54. He purchased the business of James Watson, and issued many Freethought works, notably The Library of Reason--a series, The Cabinet of Reason, his own Secularism, The Philosophy of the People, etc. In '60 he was Secretary to the British Legion sent out to Garibaldi. Mr. Holyoake did much to remove the taxes upon knowledge, and has devoted much attention to Co-operation, having written a history of the movement and contributed to most of its journals. Home (Henry), Scottish judge, was b. 1696. His legal ability was made known by his publication of Remarkable Decisions of the Court of Session, 1728. In 1752 he was raised to the bench as Lord Kames. He published Essays on the Principles of Morality and Natural Religion (1751), Elements of Criticism (1762), and Sketches of the History of Man, in which he proved himself in advance of his age. Died 27 Dec. 1782. Hon, Le (Henri). See Le Hon. Hooker (Sir Joseph Dalton), English naturalist, b. 1817. He studied medicine at Glasgow, graduating M.D '39. In '55 he became assistant-director of Kew Gardens, and from '65-85 sole director. Renowned as a botanist, he was the first eminent man of science to proclaim his adoption of Darwinism. Hope (Thomas), novelist and antiquarian, b. 1770. Famous for his anonymous Anastasius, or Memories of a Modern Greek, he also wrote an original work on The Origin and Prospects of Man '31. Died at London 3 Feb. 1831.