In 1176, when Colechurch prepared his designs, everybody was excited
about a great and very useful enterprise. The King, the clergy, the
citizens of London, even country-folk, endowed the bridge with lands
or sent money to hasten its completion. The Archbishop of Canterbury
subscribed a thousand marks. During the sixteenth century the list of
donors was still to be seen “in a table fair written for posterity,”
treasured in the chapel on the bridge.[88] Stow makes no reference to
the mayor who at his own expense built the chapel; he says only that
Colechurch was buried “in the chapel builded on the same bridge in the
year 1205.” Four years later the bridge was finished by three “worthy
merchants of London--Serle Mercer, William Almaine, and Benedick
Botewrite, principal masters of work.” Their director-in-chief was
a Frenchman, brother Isembert by name, whose magnificent bridge at
Saintes had delighted King John, and who was chosen to superintend
the finishing of Old London Bridge a little while before the death of
Colechurch.
In July, 1212, a terrific fire occurred on the bridge, beginning
at the Southwark end, but spreading to the houses at the north end
also; no fewer than 3000 persons lost their lives. Citizens gathered
at the north end to watch the spectacle, and were overtaken by the
swift-travelling flames and by panic also. Many jumped into the river
and were drowned; others were killed by falling timbers, and many were
scorched to death. Again and again, in after years, London Bridge and
her chapel were ravaged by fire; as in 1300, in 1471, in 1632, in 1666,
and in September, 1725.
Here is Stow’s picture of the houses:--
“The building was of timber, very substantial and beautiful,
for the houses were three stories high, besides the cellars,
which were within and between the piers, and over the houses
were stately platforms, leaded, with rails and ballasters
about them, very commodious and pleasant for walking and
enjoying so fine a prospect up and down the river, and some
had pretty little gardens with arbours.”
All this fine architecture was destroyed in the Great Fire of 1666, but
a still better pile of buildings was put up, and now the houses were
separated by a roadway twenty feet wide. In earlier times the passage
between the houses ranged in width from twelve feet to fourteen. At
last, in 1756, every house on the bridge was pulled down, but the
chapel was granted a few years more of life. Guess why? Because some
vandal or other was willing to use the chapel as a warehouse. At about
the same time the chapel on Rotherham Bridge, Yorkshire, was a tobacco
shop. As for the merchant who leased the Chapel of St. Thomas à Becket,
he built a new ceiling with heavy beams that crossed each other; soon
he tired of his warehouse, and then--then the historic old fane was
destroyed. A city is like a board meeting--from time to time it has a
conscience.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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