EADS, CAPTAIN JAMES B., engineer of the Illinois and St. Louis Bridge, 352-3. EAGLE-BEAKED TOOLS of the Pliocene Period, 119-22. EAMONT BRIDGE, 94, 305 _footnote_. EARLIEST LONDON BRIDGE, a timber structure destroyed by fire in 1136, 220, and _footnote_. EARTHQUAKE AT ASCOLI in 1878, 201. EARTHQUAKES AND VOLCANOES, the first armourers of the Stone Age, 110; they made some slab-bridges, 123-4; earthquakes in their relation to natural arches, 152, and to bridges of stepping-stones, 114. ECCLESIASTICAL WORKMANSHIP in a few English bridges, 303, 305; see also “Abbot’s Bridge, Bury St. Edmunds.” EDWARD I came to the relief of Old London Bridge, 50. EGOTISM, or the Creed of Self, a motive-power behind the strife that bridges and roads circulate, 19 _et seq._, 22-6, 39-52. EGYPTIAN BRIDGES, 126, 155, 166. ELEPHANTS, in Decorative Sculpture, on Chinese bridges, 312 _footnote_. ELIZABETH, QUEEN, 332. ELLIPTICAL ARCHES, in Babylonian work, 275 _footnote_; in ancient Mexico, 157 _footnote_; in St. Bénézet’s great bridge, 81; in the vault of Chosroes’ great hall at Selucia-Ctesiphon, 275, and to some extent in the Pons Fabricius at Rome, 196. We know not whether Bénézet was acquainted with the Pons Fabricius, or with the great hall at Selucia-Ctesiphon, two forerunners of his elliptical arch. At Florence, in every arch of the Trinità, Ammanati achieved a cycloid rather than an ellipse, 316. EMIGRATION, its influence on old types of society, 275. EMY, COLONEL, a writer on timber bridges, 140, 143 _footnote_. ENCYCLOPÆDIA BRITANNICA, on the High Level Bridge at Newcastle, 80; on Framwellgate Bridge at Durham, 96-7; on the Porta dell’ Arco at Arpino, 156; on the Treasury of Atreus at Mycenae, 158; on Roman aqueducts and bridges, 167; on the Pul-i-Kaisar at Shushter, 202-4; on the Ouse Bridge at York, 243 _footnote_; on New London Bridge, 257; on the Tay Bridge Disaster, 339, 341. ENGINEERS, MODERN, their scorn for national defence, 15, 77-8, 79 _et seq._, 144 _footnote_, 221, 258, 295, 320, 323, 325, 339, 340, 346, 349. ENGLISH BRIDGES, their inferiority, 9, 44; contrasted with French bridges, 281-2, 294-5; desecration of old English bridges, 225 _et seq._, 230-6. ERASMUS, 52, 236. ERNULPH, BISHOP, and Rochester Bridge, 243. ESPAGNE, PONT D’, famous modern bridge, beyond Cauterets, 278. ESPALION, THE BRIDGE AT, the controversy concerning it, 84, 86, 87, 88, 92, 93; see also the colour plate facing page 88. ETRUSCAN ROUND ARCHES, 160-1. EUDES, COUNT OF CHARTRES, built an early communal bridge, 240. “EUPHUES AND HIS ENGLAND,” 220, 221. EVANS, SIR JOHN, on the date of the Bronze Period, 21. EVE OF EVOLUTION, 117 _et seq._