PARIS AND HER BRIDGES, 225, 321-2. Here is a fine subject for a book. There is a good reference to the Paris bridges of the year 1517-18 in the “Revue des Deux Mondes,” xlvii., Sep., 1908, p. 467. Five bridges existed then, three stone structures, and two of wood; and all of them had houses from one end to the other. Tolls were charged and they belonged to the King. Several illustrations of Paris bridges will be found in Lacroix, “Manners, Customs and Dress during the Middle Ages.” On page 321 there is one of the year 1500; see also in the same book pp. 302, 316, and 471. PARLIAMENT OF TASTE, A, necessary in all large towns for the discussion of art in all matters that concern the public intimately, 324-5. PARTHENAY BRIDGE, a Bastille bridge of the Middle Ages, 34, 35, 281, and the plate facing page 36. PAUL’S BRIDGE, ST., 327. PAVIA, her famous covered bridge of the 14th century, 308-9. PAVILIONS in the Pul-i-Khaju at Isfahan, 214, 215, and the line block on page 213. PEACE, considered in her relation to the varied strife circulated by roads and bridges. She is an illusion of the mind and belongs to a routine of idle sentiment, vii, because every phase of human enterprise claims a battle-toll of killed and wounded and maimed, vii, 3, 4, 33-6; see also section ii, Chapter I, 14-52, and 333, 351, 360-1. PEACE FANATICS, their dangerous influence on foreign politics, 33 _footnote_, 351, 360-1. PENINSULAR WAR, the Roman bridge at Alcántara, 16, 186; the Roman bridge at Constantino, 335; Orense Bridge, 29 _footnote_. PERFORATED TOWERS on bridges; modern engineers have passed suspension cables through towers instead of passing them over the summits, 346, 354. PERRONET, JEAN RODOLPHE, 1708-94, French engineer-architect, 282-3, 337-8, also _footnote_ 338. PERSHORE BRIDGE, 355. PERSIAN BRIDGES, 202-4, 211, 212-16, 265-70. PERUVIAN BRIDGES, 146 _et seq._ PHALLUS, a symbol of prosperity, carved twice in low-relief on the Pont du Gard, 174.