Cévennes Mountains (France); France -- Description and travel
Florac possesses its natural curiosity, the Fontaine du Pêcher, that
discharges the water infiltrated from the plateau of Méjan. It pours
forth in an abundant stream and forms a cascade, but the water is at
once eagerly captured for the purpose of irrigation. During the winter
and after a storm it vomits forth a torrent with a roar like that of a
lion.
After a visit to the summit of the Aigoual it would be well to
descend the Dourbie to Milau, reaching the Dourbie by the ravine of
the Trévesel. The Pas de l'Ase is a profound gorge, 1,200 feet deep,
between fiery-red dolomitic cliffs, in three stages superposed and
separated by slopes of detritus. At midday, when the sun streams down
on these rocks, the effect is dazzling. At Trèves, where are coal
mines, is the cave called the Baume de S. Firmin, and near by the ruins
of a castle.
S. Firmin was the grandson of Tonantius Ferreolus, Prefect of Gaul,
who, as we have seen, was the host of Sidonius Apollinaris. He had a
villa here, Trevido, as the town was then called, and in it he died
in the year 470. Firminus was educated by his uncle Noricus, Bishop
of Uzès, the son of Tonantius, and he in turn became bishop of the
same see, and died at the early age of thirty-seven, in the year 553,
and was succeeded by his nephew, Ferreolus; so that at that time it
is pretty clear bishoprics had become the perquisites of members of
the great families of Gallo-Roman origin. When S. Firmin visited his
grandfather or his father, at Trèves, he was wont to retire to the
cave that bears his name, for reading and devotion. Possibly the
dampness of this grotto may have sowed the seeds of the disorder from
which he died. The cave runs deep into the mountain, and is adorned
with numerous white and graceful stalactites. But it is very damp;
notwithstanding this, prehistoric man occupied it, for in the first two
halls of the grotto have been found old hearths, remains of feasts,
broken and split bones, and fragments of badly burnt pottery.
About ninety feet above the Baume de S. Firmin is another cave
forming a great vault that is filled with water during heavy rains.
Nevertheless man inhabited it at a remote period; for thence also have
been excavated numerous fragments of vessels, which by their paste and
ornamentation show that they belonged to the age of polished stone.
How the men of that period must have suffered from rheumatism! And it
has been noticed that among the bones of prehistoric man, who was a
cave dweller, rheumatic swellings of the joints are common. Usually the
caves in limestone and chalk are tolerably dry. France must have teemed
with peoples at that early period, for not only on the Causse, but
also in the chalk districts of Dordogne and Lot, and in the sandstone
regions of Maine-et-Loire and Vienne, troglodite habitations abound.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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