Cévennes Mountains (France); France -- Description and travel
There arose by degrees three powers to dispute possession of the land,
the Municipality, the Count, and the Bishop, representing the people,
the aristocracy, and the clergy. The history of Lodève is thenceforth
a history of their conflicts for pre-eminence. In the tenth century
arose a man who gave a new direction to affairs. Hitherto the counts
had retained the mastery; now the Church would attempt to grapple with
their power.
This man was Fulcran, who ascended the episcopal throne at the age
of thirty in 947. He was noted for his beauty, for his grace of
manner towards all men, so that, although a member of a noble family,
he was greatly beloved by the common people. He wrote nothing; he
was above all an orator and a man of action. He began to build a
tower to his cathedral. The Count Eldin, who occupied the Castle of
Montbrun, ordered him to pull it down. Fulcran refused. Meanwhile
the oppressions of the people by the count had become intolerable.
They were crushed with taxation and denied municipal rights. The
tower served as an excuse for a quarrel. Gentle as he was, Fulcran
was determined to come to conclusions with the count. At his word the
citizens rose, were aided by the country folk, Montbrun was stormed,
and the bishop held Count Eldin prisoner till he had given guarantees
not to continue his misrule. When Fulcran died in 1006 he had marked
out the course his successors were to follow. They continued to snatch
from the seigneur one right after another, and when the county passed
into the hands of the Duke of Rodez, the Castle of Montbrun went by way
of purchase to the bishops, and they became both spiritual and temporal
lords of the county.
But what all this while of the people? At the outset it had assisted
Fulcran in his strife with the count; it had contributed to effect the
revolution that finally transferred the temporal power from lay into
ecclesiastical hands. The ambition of Fulcran's successors knew no
limits. After having conquered the seigneur they attacked the municipal
liberties.
The people of Lodève soon saw that they had changed masters for the
worse. A struggle broke out between them and their masters that caused
much blood to flow. One bishop was driven from his palace. Later, in
1202, the inhabitants sent delegates to the prelate, Pierre de Frotier,
to complain of his unendurable exactions. He refused to admit them
to his presence. Then the mob broke in on him and made him swear to
grant concessions. He appealed to Innocent III., who at once relieved
him of his oath. The people, enraged at this bit of deceit, again
rose, broke into the palace, and killed the perjured bishop. The
punishment inflicted on the town for this act was severe. However, the
citizens were determined on resistance, and at last the controversy
was submitted to arbitration, and they gained most of what they had
demanded.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account