Perhaps the most interesting excursion that can be made from Cannes
is to the isles of Lerins. Of these there are two—Ste. Marguerite
and S. Honorat—the latter formerly the seat of the great school and
monastery of Lerins. The islands take their name from some mythic Lero,
of whose story nothing is known; but Pliny informs us that there had
once been a town named Vergoanum situated on one of them which had
disappeared before the Christian era, and of which no traces remained.
That Ste. Marguerite was occupied by Greeks and Romans is testified
by the finding there of a bi-lingual inscription. But whatever relics
of structures may have been left by its old masters have been used up
again and again from mediæval times down to the present. The fortress
now standing is a barrack. It was built by Richelieu, considerably
enlarged by the Spaniards when they had possession of the island, and
then transformed after the plans of Vauban. The fortress was employed
mainly as a military or State prison.
[Illustration: THE PRISON OF THE MAN WITH THE IRON MASK]
The most celebrated of its prisoners, or at least him about whom most
has been written, was the Man of the Iron Mask. It was due to Voltaire
that the story obtained such currency and excited so keen an interest.
In his _Age of Louis XIV._, published in 1751, he wrote:—
“Some months after the death of Mazarin an event happened which
is without a parallel in history. Moreover, and this is not less
remarkable, the event has been passed over in silence by every
historian. There was sent with the utmost secrecy to the castle of
the Isles of Ste. Marguerite, in the Sea of Provence, a prisoner
unknown, of a stature above the average, young, and with features of
rare nobility and beauty. On the way the prisoner wore a mask, the
chin-piece of which was furnished with springs of steel, so that he
could eat without removing it. Order had been given to kill him if he
ventured to uncover. He remained at the Isles until a trusted officer,
Saint Mars by name, Governor of Pignerol, having been appointed in
1690 to the command of the Bastille, came to Ste. Marguerite to fetch
him, and bore him thence—always in his mask—to the Bastille. Before
his removal he was seen in the isle by the Marquis de Louvois, who
remained standing while he spoke to him with a consideration savouring
of respect. In the Bastille the unknown was as well bestowed as was
possible in that place, and nothing that he asked for was refused
him. He had a passion for lace and fine linen; he amused himself with
a guitar; and his table was furnished with the best. The governor
rarely sat down in his presence. An old doctor of the Bastille, who
had often attended this interesting prisoner, said that, although he
had examined his tongue and the rest of his body, he had never seen
his face. He was admirably made, said the doctor, and his skin was
of a brownish tint. He spoke charmingly, with a voice of a deeply
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