A book of the west. Volume 1, Devon : $b being an introduction to Devon and CornwallBaring-Gould, S. (Sabine)
History
A book of the west. Volume 1, Devon : $b being an introduction to Devon and Cornwall
Baring-Gould, S. (Sabine)
Devon (England)
Up to 1702 there were on Dartmoor but thirty-five tenements in
fifteen localities, some two or three being grouped together in
certain places. These ancient farms are situated in the best and
most favoured portions of the Forest of Dartmoor, and have been
occupied from prehistoric times, as is evidenced by the quantity of
flint tools that are turned up at these spots.
There is an account of the tenants of Dartmoor as early as 1344-5,
from which it appears that they were then forty-four in number. In
1346 the forty-four tenants depastured no less than 4700 oxen and
thirty-seven steers, a very respectable total, and one showing that
the favoured spots in the forest some five and a half centuries ago
carried considerable herds of cattle.
The names of the ancient tenements are: Hartland, Merripit,
Runnage, and Warner; Dury, Pizwell, Bellever, Reddon, and Babenay;
Princehall, Dunnabridge, Brounberry, Sherberton, Hexworthy, Huccaby,
and Brimpts.
Formerly all these tenements were held as customary freeholds or
copyholds, but many of them have been purchased by the Duchy.[20]
[20] For a full account of them see BURNARD (R.), _Dartmoor
Pictorial Records_. Plymouth, 1893.
Where the miners lived in the old times, when tin mining was
in vigour on the moor, is not very clear, as very few ruins of
quadrangular buildings remain that could have served as houses, and
it is quite certain that they did not inhabit the hut circles, as
they have not left their traces therein. They, in all likelihood,
lodged in the farmhouses and their outbuildings during the week, and
returned to their homes for the Sundays.
In 1806 the vast range of prisons was erected at Princetown, on
the bleakest and one of the loftiest sites on Dartmoor, for the
accommodation of French prisoners of war. From 1816, when peace
was proclaimed, the buildings stood empty till 1850, when they
were converted into a convict establishment, and since then the
prisoners have been employed in enclosing and reclaiming the moor.
As may well be imagined, many attempts at escape have been made. I
remember one, especially daring, which was nearly successful, some
forty years ago. A prisoner succeeded in creeping along one of the
beams sustaining the roof of the hall in which were the warders
eating their supper, without attracting their attention. He got
thence over the wall, and next broke into the doctor's house. There
he possessed himself of a suit of clothes, and left his convict suit
behind. Next he entered the doctor's stable, and took his horse out.
But he was unable to enter the harness-room, owing to the strength
of the lock, and so was obliged to escape, riding the horse, indeed,
but without saddle, and directing it not with a bridle, but with a
halter.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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