A Brief History of Printing in England: A Short History of Printing in England from Caxton to the Present TimeHamilton, Frederick W. (Frederick William)
History
A Brief History of Printing in England: A Short History of Printing in England from Caxton to the Present Time
Hamilton, Frederick W. (Frederick William)
Printing -- Great Britain -- History
The natural result of the reduction of the number of offices under the
edict of 1586 was that the trade was seriously overmanned and there were
too many apprentices, as the reduction in the number of offices did not
affect the number of either journeymen or apprentices. The Company dealt
with the matter in a rather successful fashion by an order issued in
1587. This order limited the number of apprentices and attempted to make
as much work as possible for the journeymen. It provided that no
apprentice should be allowed to work in either the composing room or the
press room if there were any competent journeymen in need of work. When
we remember the small number of offices in London and the fact that
there were only two in England outside of London, we can readily see
that this order was not so difficult of enforcement as might appear. No
form was to be kept standing to the injury of workmen. The meaning of
this is clearer when we remember that all composition at this time was
hand composition and that stereotyping and other methods of preserving
forms were not known and consequently a reprint or re-issue was,
excepting for absence of editorial work, a new job. If there was
expectation that a new reprint might soon be required and the printer
had the type to spare he might leave a form standing and so avoid the
labor of recomposition. This regulation meant that as soon as the first
impression was taken the type must be distributed so that in case of
reprinting the compositor would have a new job. For like reasons the
number of copies to be printed was limited in ordinary cases to 1250 or
1500, so that if the book proved to be popular work might be provided in
setting up repeated editions. These regulations seem to have been
reasonably successful so far as the journeymen were concerned, but, of
course, they materially increased the price of books.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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