2 The second is by measuring the semidiameter of the Earth: For as the circumference makes knowne the diameter, so doth this the circumference. This may be done by observation made vpon some great hill, hard by the sea side. The invention is of _Maurolycus Abbot_ of _Messava_ in _Sicilie_, but it hath beene perfitted, and more exactly performed by a worthy Mathematician _Ed. W._ who himselfe made proofe of it. By this art was the semidiameter of the Earth found out to be 18312621 foote: which allowing 5000 foot to a mile is 3662 & a halfe miles, which doubled is the whole Diameter 7325 miles. The circuit of the earth shall be 23030 miles, and one degree containes 63-35/36 miles which is almost 64 miles. Which as it exceeds the ordinary account, so may wee rest vpon it as more exact then any other. 2 The second point concerninge the measuringe of particular distances of places one from another is thus performed. First vpon the Globe it is most easie. With a payre of Compasses take the distance betweene any two places howsoever scituated vpon the Globe, and apply the distance so taken to the AEquator, & see how many degrees it takes vp; those degrees turned into miles shew the distance of the two citties on from another. Vpon vniuersall mapps theire is a little more difficulty in finding the distance of places which here must bee considered in a threefold difference of scituation: 1 Of Latitude only. 2 Of Longitude only. 3 Of Latitude and Longitude together. 1 If the two places differ only in Latitude, and lie vnder the same Meridian if the places lie both on one side of the AEquator, the differences of the latitudes: or the summe of both latitudes added together, if one place lie North and another South, being turned into Miles giues the true distance. 2 If the places differ only in Longitude, and lie both vnder one paralell of latitude the difference of longitude turned into miles proportionably accordinge to the latitude of the paralell, giues the true distance.