There is some uncertainty as to the date of the frieze. It cannot be
older than the temple, and therefore not earlier than 432 B.C. Kekulé
(_Balustrade_, p. 22), and Wolters (p. 289) hold that the frieze was
produced immediately after that date. But a more admissible view is
that which puts the balustrade at the very close of the fifth century.
If the different fragments of the balustrade are examined, they seem
to reveal a combination of various schools and methods. No. 426,
severely draped in chiton and diploïdion, seems to have the somewhat
stiff dignity best seen in sculptures of the Temple of Zeus at
Olympia, but occasionally suggested by the Parthenon sculptures. The
figures of Athenè (Kekulé, _Balustrade_, pl. ii.), have the spirit of
the Parthenon frieze. In No. 427 and No. 428, the artist dwells on and
emphasises the nude form, displaying it through transparent drapery in
a manner that may well be supposed to have been that of the transition
from Pheidias to Praxiteles. Finally, in the figure leading the bull
(No. 429), there is a florid wealth of drapery, which, among early
works, only finds a partial analogy in the frieze of Phigaleia, and
which appears more akin to the Nikè of Samothrace than to Attic work
of the fifth century. This want of uniformity in style suggests a time
of transition in which the traditions of the school of Pheidias were
still to some extent operative, while newer tendencies were beginning
to make themselves felt. Perhaps also they indicate that the work was
spread over a space of several years, such as might be expected in the
troubled close of the fifth century B.C.
Height of Balustrade, 3 feet 2 inches. Ross, p. 17, pl. 13 (cf.
ante, p. 241); Michaelis, _Arch. Zeit._, 1862, p. 249. All the
materials are collected by Kekulé, _Die Reliefs an der Balustrade
der Athena Nike_ (1881), which superseded Kekulé, _Die Balustr. d.
Tempels d. Athena Nike_ (1869). See also Overbeck, _Gr. Plast._,
3rd ed., I., p. 369; Murray, II., p. 186; Wolters, Nos. 761-804.
_Stereoscopic_, Nos. 158-160.
[Sidenote: =426.=]
Victory standing, half turned to the left. She holds a greave in her
left hand, with which she was probably decking a trophy. She wears a
leather helmet.
Kekulé, _Balustrade_, pl. 5, fig. R; Overbeck, _Gr. Plast._, 3rd
ed., I., fig. 82.
[Sidenote: =427.=]
Winged Victory turned to the left stoops forward, raising her right
foot in order to adjust or unfasten her sandal. A somewhat similar
incident is seen on the Parthenon frieze, (west side, No. 29). There,
however, the figure has his foot resting on a rock, while here the
Victory balances herself on the left foot with the right leg high in
the air, in a position of effort such as does not occur on the frieze
of the Parthenon.
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