In the Westcar Papyrus we are told how King Seneferu, the last king of
the IIIrd Dynasty, about seventeen hundred years before the time of
Tutankhamen, feeling bored one day, called to him the wizard Zazamankh,
and demanded a cure for his ennui, and how the wizard prescribed a sail
in the royal barge manned by twenty of the most beautiful maidens
of the royal harem. “Bring me twenty oars of ebony inlaid with gold,
with blades of light wood, inlaid with electrum; and bring me twenty
maidens, fair in their limbs, their bosoms and their hair, all virgins;
and bring me twenty fishing-nets, and give these nets unto the maidens
for their garments.” Now the Queen’s robes, found in the tomb, “are
made of the daintiest diaphanous bead net material.” Evidently the
taste which inspired the novel prescription of the IIIrd Dynasty wizard
persisted in the Egyptian Court. We should have inferred as much from
the reliefs and paintings which have come down to us, but the robes
from the Tutankhamen tomb are the solitary specimens of the royal dress
of ancient Egypt which have survived to the present day.
[Illustration: 25. HEAD OF THE HATHOR-COW, DER EL-BAHRI.]
Along with these robes may be grouped the so-called coat of mail,
which is one of the wonders of the ceremonial art of the time. The
general type of this wonderful garment is familiar from Wilkinson’s
representation of the corselet pictured in the tomb of Ramses III, with
its overlapping scales of metal. In the case of Tutankhamen’s corselet,
however, the scales, instead of being of bronze on leather, are
pear-shaped links of faience laid on gold and backed with linen, which,
of course, has almost entirely perished, rendering the reconstitution
of the coat a matter of great difficulty. The collar shows a rich
pattern of concentric rings and rectangular plaques of faience in deep
turquoise blue, and red and yellow. Below the collar, and wrought into
the breast of this superb piece of mail, is a brilliant design
stretching right across the chest, representing the hawk-headed Horus
introducing Tutankhamen to Amen. Should it be possible to complete
the restoration of this beautiful piece of design, we shall be in
possession of a unique specimen of the Egyptian armourer’s art, though,
of course, it is such a piece of armour as was never destined to be
worn on active service, but only on ceremonial occasions. Indeed, it
is probable that the ceremonial occasion for which it was designed was
that of the King’s funeral; for we know from the Rainer Papyrus that
such corselets formed, at least in later days, an essential portion of
the royal funerary furnishing--so much so that the funeral could not be
completed without them.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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